Articles | Volume 19, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4139-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4139-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
02 Apr 2019
Research article |
| 02 Apr 2019
| 02 Apr 2019
The global climatology of the intensity of the ionospheric sporadic E layer
Bingkun Yu
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, UK
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Xin'an Yue
Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Chengyun Yang
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Xiankang Dou
CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Baiqi Ning
Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Lianhuan Hu
Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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51 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- The Role of Neutral Wind Velocity and Its Vertical Component on Predictability of Formation and Localization of Sporadic E (Es) G. Didebulidze et al. 10.3390/atmos14061008
- Morphology of sporadic E layers derived from Fengyun-3C GPS radio occultation measurements X. Xu et al. 10.1186/s40623-022-01617-2
- Three‐Dimensional Fourier Analysis of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Observed in Airglow Images in Hawaii Over Three Years H. Naito et al. 10.1029/2022JA030346
- Derivation of global ionospheric Sporadic E critical frequency ( f o Es) data from the amplitude variations in GPS/GNSS radio occultations B. Yu et al. 10.1098/rsos.200320
- The intensification of metallic layered phenomena above thunderstorms through the modulation of atmospheric tides B. Yu et al. 10.1038/s41598-019-54450-1
- Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012 W. Nie et al. 10.1007/s10291-022-01246-y
- Statistical Analysis of the Horizontal Phase Velocity Distribution of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances in Airglow Images Over Sata (31.0°N, 130.7°E), Japan T. Tsuboi et al. 10.1029/2023JA031600
- An Empirical Model of the Ionospheric Sporadic E Layer Based on GNSS Radio Occultation Data B. Yu et al. 10.1029/2022SW003113
- Using GNSS radio occultation data to derive critical frequencies of the ionospheric sporadic E layer in real time B. Yu et al. 10.1007/s10291-020-01050-6
- E‐Field Effects on Day‐To‐Day Variations of Geomagnetic Mid‐Latitude Sporadic E Layers S. Andoh et al. 10.1029/2022JA031167
- Ionospheric irregularity reconstruction using multisource data fusion via deep learning P. Tian et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13413-2023
- Worldwide study of the Sporadic E (Es) layer development during a space weather event L. Resende et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2022.105966
- Sporadic-E studies over Southern Hemisphere geomagnetic mid-latitudes A. Foppiano et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106200
- Comparison of the Heights of Sporadic E Layers and Vertical Ion Convergence Parameters Y. Yu et al. 10.3390/rs15245674
- Examining the Wind Shear Theory of Sporadic E With ICON/MIGHTI Winds and COSMIC‐2 Radio Occultation Data Y. Yamazaki et al. 10.1029/2021GL096202
- Climatology of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances at Mid and Low Latitudes Observed by the DEMETER Satellite in the Topside Ionosphere During the Period 2005–2010 C. Nguyen et al. 10.1029/2022JA030517
- Blanketing Sporadic‐E Layer Occurrences Over Santa Maria, a Transition Station From Low to Middle Latitude in the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA) J. Moro et al. 10.1029/2022JA030900
- Climatology of polar ionospheric density profile in comparison with mid-latitude ionosphere from long-term observations of incoherent scatter radars: A review E. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105449
- Multi-Instrumental Observations of Midlatitude Plasma Irregularities over Eastern Asia during a Moderate Magnetic Storm on 16 July 2003 H. Ye et al. 10.3390/rs15041160
- A comparison of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation and ionosonde measurements in sporadic E detection over mid- and low-latitude regions S. Sobhkhiz-Miandehi et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1198071
- Statistical Analysis of the Horizontal Phase Velocity Distribution of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances in Airglow Images Over Darwin (12.4°S, 131.0°E) T. Tsuboi et al. 10.1029/2022JA030769
- Comparative Study of the Es Layer between the Plateau and Plain Regions in China W. Wang et al. 10.3390/rs14122871
- Sporadic E morphology based on COSMIC radio occultation data and its relationship with wind shear theory J. Luo et al. 10.1186/s40623-021-01550-w
- Estimation Model of Global Ionospheric Irregularities: An Artificial Intelligence Approach P. Tian et al. 10.1029/2022SW003160
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- Global Sporadic‐E Occurrence Rate Climatology Using GPS Radio Occultation and Ionosonde Data T. Hodos et al. 10.1029/2022JA030795
- Deriving Ionospheric Sporadic E Intensity From FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC and FY‐3C Radio Occultation Measurements T. Hu et al. 10.1029/2022SW003214
- Low Altitude Tailing Es (LATTE): Analysis of Sporadic‐E Layer Height at Different Latitudes of Middle and Low Region Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2022SW003323
- Interhemispheric transport of metallic ions within ionospheric sporadic <i>E</i> layers by the lower thermospheric meridional circulation B. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-4219-2021
- Gravity-wave-perturbed wind shears derived from SABER temperature observations X. Liu et al. 10.5194/acp-20-14437-2020
- Relationship Between Wavenumber 4 Pattern of Sporadic E Layer Intensity and Eastward Propagating Diurnal Tide With Zonal Wavenumber 3 in Low Latitude Region J. Niu 10.1029/2020JA028985
- Contribution of the Chinese Meridian Project to space environment research: Highlights and perspectives C. Wang et al. 10.1007/s11430-022-1043-3
- Effects of the terdiurnal tide on the sporadic E (Es) layer development at low latitudes over the Brazilian sector P. Fontes et al. 10.5194/angeo-41-209-2023
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- Wavenumber‐4 Patterns of the Sporadic E Over the Middle‐ and Low‐Latitudes Z. Liu et al. 10.1029/2021JA029238
- Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2021SW002942
- The Possible Role of Turbopause on Sporadic‐E Layer Formation at Middle and Low Latitudes Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2021SW002883
- Comparison of middle- and low-latitude sodium layer from a ground-based lidar network, the Odin satellite, and WACCM–Na model B. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-11485-2022
- Global Structure and Seasonal Variations of the Tidal Amplitude in Sporadic‐E Layer Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2022JA030711
- 国家重大科技基础设施子午工程在空间环境领域的亮点研究进展 赤. 王 et al. 10.1360/N072022-0137
- Longitudinal Structure in the Altitude of the Sporadic E Observed by COSMIC in Low-Latitudes Z. Liu et al. 10.3390/rs13224714
- Editorial: Observations and simulations of layering phenomena in the middle/upper atmosphere and ionosphere B. Yu et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1361434
- Daytime GNSS scintillation due to Es over Arabian Peninsula during low solar activity M. Shaikh et al. 10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103761
- VHF Imaging Radar Observations and Theory of Banded Midlatitude Sporadic E Ionization Layers D. Hysell & M. Larsen 10.1029/2021JA029257
- Understanding the Diurnal Cycle of Midlatitude Sporadic E. The Role of Metal Atoms C. Haldoupis et al. 10.1029/2023JA031336
- A Signature of 27 day Solar Rotation in the Concentration of Metallic Ions within the Terrestrial Ionosphere B. Yu et al. 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0886
- Altitudinal and Latitudinal Variations in Ionospheric Sporadic‐E Layer Obtained From FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC Radio Occultation L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2021JA029454
- Numerical Investigation on the Height and Intensity Variations of Sporadic E Layers at Mid‐Latitude L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2023JA031508
- Numerical Simulations of Metallic Ion Density Perturbations in Sporadic E Layers Caused by Gravity Waves L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2023EA003030
48 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Improved models for estimating sporadic-E intensity from GNSS radio occultation measurements D. Emmons et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1327979
- The Role of Neutral Wind Velocity and Its Vertical Component on Predictability of Formation and Localization of Sporadic E (Es) G. Didebulidze et al. 10.3390/atmos14061008
- Morphology of sporadic E layers derived from Fengyun-3C GPS radio occultation measurements X. Xu et al. 10.1186/s40623-022-01617-2
- Three‐Dimensional Fourier Analysis of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Observed in Airglow Images in Hawaii Over Three Years H. Naito et al. 10.1029/2022JA030346
- Derivation of global ionospheric Sporadic E critical frequency ( f o Es) data from the amplitude variations in GPS/GNSS radio occultations B. Yu et al. 10.1098/rsos.200320
- The intensification of metallic layered phenomena above thunderstorms through the modulation of atmospheric tides B. Yu et al. 10.1038/s41598-019-54450-1
- Effect of the polar cap ionospheric sporadic-E layer on GNSS-based positioning: a case study at Resolute Bay, Canada, September 5, 2012 W. Nie et al. 10.1007/s10291-022-01246-y
- Statistical Analysis of the Horizontal Phase Velocity Distribution of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances in Airglow Images Over Sata (31.0°N, 130.7°E), Japan T. Tsuboi et al. 10.1029/2023JA031600
- An Empirical Model of the Ionospheric Sporadic E Layer Based on GNSS Radio Occultation Data B. Yu et al. 10.1029/2022SW003113
- Using GNSS radio occultation data to derive critical frequencies of the ionospheric sporadic E layer in real time B. Yu et al. 10.1007/s10291-020-01050-6
- E‐Field Effects on Day‐To‐Day Variations of Geomagnetic Mid‐Latitude Sporadic E Layers S. Andoh et al. 10.1029/2022JA031167
- Ionospheric irregularity reconstruction using multisource data fusion via deep learning P. Tian et al. 10.5194/acp-23-13413-2023
- Worldwide study of the Sporadic E (Es) layer development during a space weather event L. Resende et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2022.105966
- Sporadic-E studies over Southern Hemisphere geomagnetic mid-latitudes A. Foppiano et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106200
- Comparison of the Heights of Sporadic E Layers and Vertical Ion Convergence Parameters Y. Yu et al. 10.3390/rs15245674
- Examining the Wind Shear Theory of Sporadic E With ICON/MIGHTI Winds and COSMIC‐2 Radio Occultation Data Y. Yamazaki et al. 10.1029/2021GL096202
- Climatology of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances at Mid and Low Latitudes Observed by the DEMETER Satellite in the Topside Ionosphere During the Period 2005–2010 C. Nguyen et al. 10.1029/2022JA030517
- Blanketing Sporadic‐E Layer Occurrences Over Santa Maria, a Transition Station From Low to Middle Latitude in the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA) J. Moro et al. 10.1029/2022JA030900
- Climatology of polar ionospheric density profile in comparison with mid-latitude ionosphere from long-term observations of incoherent scatter radars: A review E. Kim et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105449
- Multi-Instrumental Observations of Midlatitude Plasma Irregularities over Eastern Asia during a Moderate Magnetic Storm on 16 July 2003 H. Ye et al. 10.3390/rs15041160
- A comparison of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation and ionosonde measurements in sporadic E detection over mid- and low-latitude regions S. Sobhkhiz-Miandehi et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1198071
- Statistical Analysis of the Horizontal Phase Velocity Distribution of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances in Airglow Images Over Darwin (12.4°S, 131.0°E) T. Tsuboi et al. 10.1029/2022JA030769
- Comparative Study of the Es Layer between the Plateau and Plain Regions in China W. Wang et al. 10.3390/rs14122871
- Sporadic E morphology based on COSMIC radio occultation data and its relationship with wind shear theory J. Luo et al. 10.1186/s40623-021-01550-w
- Estimation Model of Global Ionospheric Irregularities: An Artificial Intelligence Approach P. Tian et al. 10.1029/2022SW003160
- Detection and localization of F-layer ionospheric irregularities with the back-propagation method along the radio occultation ray path V. Ludwig-Barbosa et al. 10.5194/amt-16-1849-2023
- Difference in the Sporadic E Layer Occurrence Ratio Between the Southern and Northern Low Magnetic Latitude Regions as Observed by COSMIC Radio Occultation Data J. Niu 10.1029/2020SW002635
- Global Sporadic‐E Occurrence Rate Climatology Using GPS Radio Occultation and Ionosonde Data T. Hodos et al. 10.1029/2022JA030795
- Deriving Ionospheric Sporadic E Intensity From FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC and FY‐3C Radio Occultation Measurements T. Hu et al. 10.1029/2022SW003214
- Low Altitude Tailing Es (LATTE): Analysis of Sporadic‐E Layer Height at Different Latitudes of Middle and Low Region Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2022SW003323
- Interhemispheric transport of metallic ions within ionospheric sporadic <i>E</i> layers by the lower thermospheric meridional circulation B. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-21-4219-2021
- Gravity-wave-perturbed wind shears derived from SABER temperature observations X. Liu et al. 10.5194/acp-20-14437-2020
- Relationship Between Wavenumber 4 Pattern of Sporadic E Layer Intensity and Eastward Propagating Diurnal Tide With Zonal Wavenumber 3 in Low Latitude Region J. Niu 10.1029/2020JA028985
- Contribution of the Chinese Meridian Project to space environment research: Highlights and perspectives C. Wang et al. 10.1007/s11430-022-1043-3
- Effects of the terdiurnal tide on the sporadic E (Es) layer development at low latitudes over the Brazilian sector P. Fontes et al. 10.5194/angeo-41-209-2023
- Analysis of Blanketing Sporadic‐E Layer and Associated Tidal Periodicities Over a Brazilian Station Undergoing a Transition From Low Latitude to Midlatitude J. Moro et al. 10.1029/2023JA031947
- Wavenumber‐4 Patterns of the Sporadic E Over the Middle‐ and Low‐Latitudes Z. Liu et al. 10.1029/2021JA029238
- Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2021SW002942
- The Possible Role of Turbopause on Sporadic‐E Layer Formation at Middle and Low Latitudes Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2021SW002883
- Comparison of middle- and low-latitude sodium layer from a ground-based lidar network, the Odin satellite, and WACCM–Na model B. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-11485-2022
- Global Structure and Seasonal Variations of the Tidal Amplitude in Sporadic‐E Layer Q. Tang et al. 10.1029/2022JA030711
- 国家重大科技基础设施子午工程在空间环境领域的亮点研究进展 赤. 王 et al. 10.1360/N072022-0137
- Longitudinal Structure in the Altitude of the Sporadic E Observed by COSMIC in Low-Latitudes Z. Liu et al. 10.3390/rs13224714
- Editorial: Observations and simulations of layering phenomena in the middle/upper atmosphere and ionosphere B. Yu et al. 10.3389/fspas.2023.1361434
- Daytime GNSS scintillation due to Es over Arabian Peninsula during low solar activity M. Shaikh et al. 10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103761
- VHF Imaging Radar Observations and Theory of Banded Midlatitude Sporadic E Ionization Layers D. Hysell & M. Larsen 10.1029/2021JA029257
- Understanding the Diurnal Cycle of Midlatitude Sporadic E. The Role of Metal Atoms C. Haldoupis et al. 10.1029/2023JA031336
- A Signature of 27 day Solar Rotation in the Concentration of Metallic Ions within the Terrestrial Ionosphere B. Yu et al. 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0886
3 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Altitudinal and Latitudinal Variations in Ionospheric Sporadic‐E Layer Obtained From FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC Radio Occultation L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2021JA029454
- Numerical Investigation on the Height and Intensity Variations of Sporadic E Layers at Mid‐Latitude L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2023JA031508
- Numerical Simulations of Metallic Ion Density Perturbations in Sporadic E Layers Caused by Gravity Waves L. Qiu et al. 10.1029/2023EA003030
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 24 Apr 2024
Short summary
It reports the long-term climatology of the intensity of Es layers from COSMIC satellites. The global Es maps present high-resolution spatial distributions and seasonal dependence. It mainly occurs at mid-latitudes and polar regions. Based on wind shear theory, simulation results indicate the convergence of vertical ion velocity could partially explain the Es seasonal dependence and some disagreements between observations and simulations suggest other processes play roles in the Es variations.
It reports the long-term climatology of the intensity of Es layers from COSMIC satellites. The...
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Final-revised paper
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