Articles | Volume 18, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14837-2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14837-2018
Research article
 | 
16 Oct 2018
Research article |  | 16 Oct 2018

Unprecedented strength of Hadley circulation in 2015–2016 impacts on CO2 interhemispheric difference

Jorgen S. Frederiksen and Roger J. Francey

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Cited articles

Andres, R. J., Boden, T. A., and Higdon D.: A new evaluation of the uncertainty associated with CDIAC estimates of fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission, Tellus B, 66, 23616, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v66.23616, 2014. 
Bowman, K. P. and Cohen, P. J.: Interhemispheric exchange by seasonal modulation of the Hadley circulation, J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2045–2059, 1997. 
British Petroleum: CO2 emissions, available at: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/energy-economics/statistical-review-of-world-energy/co2-emissions.html (last access: 30 March 2018), 2018. 
Cai, W., Borlace, S., Lengaigne, M., van Rensch, P., Collins, M., Vecchi, G., Timmermann, A., Santoso, A., McPhaden, M. J., Wu, L., England, M. H., Wang, G., Guilyardi, E., and Jin, F. F.: Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 4, 111–116, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2100, 2014. 
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Short summary
The extreme El Niño of 2015–2016 occurred at a time of record global warming and unprecedented strength of the Hadley circulation, with major implications for the interhemispheric carbon dioxide concentration difference. The roles of the mean transport by the Hadley circulation and by atmospheric waves and turbulent eddies in the seasonal and inter-annual carbon dioxide hemispheric differences are established during the period 1992–2016, including during the significant 2009–2010 step.
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