Articles | Volume 13, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9119-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9119-2013
© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Tethered balloon-borne aerosol measurements: seasonal and vertical variations of aerosol constituents over Syowa Station, Antarctica
National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan
now at: Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
T. Yamanouchi
National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan
Related authors
Ruhi S. Humphries, Melita D. Keywood, Jason P. Ward, James Harnwell, Simon P. Alexander, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Keiichiro Hara, Ian M. McRobert, Alain Protat, Joel Alroe, Luke T. Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Zoran D. Ristovski, Robyn Schofield, Stephen R. Wilson, Connor J. Flynn, Gourihar R. Kulkarni, Gerald G. Mace, Greg M. McFarquhar, Scott D. Chambers, Alastair G. Williams, and Alan D. Griffiths
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3749–3777, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Observations of aerosols in pristine regions are rare but are vital to constraining the natural baseline from which climate simulations are calculated. Here we present recent seasonal observations of aerosols from the Southern Ocean and contrast them with measurements from Antarctica, Australia and regionally relevant voyages. Strong seasonal cycles persist, but striking differences occur at different latitudes. This study highlights the need for more long-term observations in remote regions.
Keiichiro Hara, Chiharu Nishita-Hara, Kazuo Osada, Masanori Yabuki, and Takashi Yamanouchi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12155–12172, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12155-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12155-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation (NPF) occurred dominantly in the Antarctic free troposphere during spring and fall and in the free troposphere and boundary layer during summer. With the existence of the ozone hole, more UV radiation can enhance formation of aerosol precursors and NPF in the free troposphere. Here, we assess the hypothesis that UV enhancement in the upper troposphere by the Antarctic ozone hole modifies the aerosol and cloud properties in Antarctic regions during summer.
Keiichiro Hara, Kengo Sudo, Takato Ohnishi, Kazuo Osada, Masanori Yabuki, Masataka Shiobara, and Takashi Yamanouchi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7817–7837, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7817-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7817-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We measured equivalent black carbon (EBC) concentrations at Syowa Station, Antarctica, from February 2005. EBC might be transported directly to Syowa Station from mid-latitudes mainly via the boundary layer and the lower free troposphere. Some BC was transported to Antarctic regions via the upper free troposphere. Biomass burning in South America and southern Africa is the most dominant source. Fossil fuel combustion in South America and southern Africa also have important contributions.
Sayako Ueda, Kazuo Osada, Keiichiro Hara, Masanori Yabuki, Fuminori Hashihama, and Jota Kanda
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9207–9224, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9207-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9207-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated mixing states and morphological features of soot-containing particles, by using water-dialysis analysis in remote ocean areas over the southern Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean. Most particles were water-soluble. However, rarely were particles (2.1 % of particles on a TEM sample at a maximum) found to contain insoluble residuals with the characteristic soot shape.
Keiichiro Hara, Sumito Matoba, Motohiro Hirabayashi, and Tetsuhide Yamasaki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8577–8598, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8577-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8577-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
To obtain knowledge about sea-salt chemistry in polar regions, we made simultaneous measurements and sampling of aerosols, frost flowers, and brine around northwestern Greenland during winter–spring. Our results show sea-salt enrichment in frost flowers and snow. Also, the fractionated sea-salt particles were suspended in the atmosphere over sea-ice areas. From the field evidence and results from earlier studies, we propose and describe sea-salt cycles in seasonal sea-ice areas.
K. Hara, F. Nakazawa, S. Fujita, K. Fukui, H. Enomoto, and S. Sugiyama
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10211–10230, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10211-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10211-2014, 2014
K. Hara, M. Hayashi, M. Yabuki, M. Shiobara, and C. Nishita-Hara
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 4169–4183, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4169-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4169-2014, 2014
Ruhi S. Humphries, Melita D. Keywood, Jason P. Ward, James Harnwell, Simon P. Alexander, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Keiichiro Hara, Ian M. McRobert, Alain Protat, Joel Alroe, Luke T. Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Zoran D. Ristovski, Robyn Schofield, Stephen R. Wilson, Connor J. Flynn, Gourihar R. Kulkarni, Gerald G. Mace, Greg M. McFarquhar, Scott D. Chambers, Alastair G. Williams, and Alan D. Griffiths
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3749–3777, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Observations of aerosols in pristine regions are rare but are vital to constraining the natural baseline from which climate simulations are calculated. Here we present recent seasonal observations of aerosols from the Southern Ocean and contrast them with measurements from Antarctica, Australia and regionally relevant voyages. Strong seasonal cycles persist, but striking differences occur at different latitudes. This study highlights the need for more long-term observations in remote regions.
Keiichiro Hara, Chiharu Nishita-Hara, Kazuo Osada, Masanori Yabuki, and Takashi Yamanouchi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12155–12172, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12155-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12155-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation (NPF) occurred dominantly in the Antarctic free troposphere during spring and fall and in the free troposphere and boundary layer during summer. With the existence of the ozone hole, more UV radiation can enhance formation of aerosol precursors and NPF in the free troposphere. Here, we assess the hypothesis that UV enhancement in the upper troposphere by the Antarctic ozone hole modifies the aerosol and cloud properties in Antarctic regions during summer.
Kazuo Osada
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11941–11954, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11941-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11941-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Various sources and meteorological conditions affect the short-term variation in NH3 concentrations in the urban atmosphere. An analysis of 2 years of hourly data suggests that mist evaporation and stomata exchange of tree leaves after the effects of bird droppings engenders a rapid increase in NH3 concentrations. Emissions from urban tree canopies are a new mode of passing reactive nitrogen that has never before been described as an important source in the literature.
Keiichiro Hara, Kengo Sudo, Takato Ohnishi, Kazuo Osada, Masanori Yabuki, Masataka Shiobara, and Takashi Yamanouchi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7817–7837, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7817-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7817-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We measured equivalent black carbon (EBC) concentrations at Syowa Station, Antarctica, from February 2005. EBC might be transported directly to Syowa Station from mid-latitudes mainly via the boundary layer and the lower free troposphere. Some BC was transported to Antarctic regions via the upper free troposphere. Biomass burning in South America and southern Africa is the most dominant source. Fossil fuel combustion in South America and southern Africa also have important contributions.
Sayako Ueda, Kazuo Osada, Keiichiro Hara, Masanori Yabuki, Fuminori Hashihama, and Jota Kanda
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9207–9224, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9207-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9207-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated mixing states and morphological features of soot-containing particles, by using water-dialysis analysis in remote ocean areas over the southern Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean. Most particles were water-soluble. However, rarely were particles (2.1 % of particles on a TEM sample at a maximum) found to contain insoluble residuals with the characteristic soot shape.
Itsushi Uno, Kazuo Osada, Keiya Yumimoto, Zhe Wang, Syuichi Itahashi, Xiaole Pan, Yukari Hara, Yugo Kanaya, Shigekazu Yamamoto, and Thomas Duncan Fairlie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14181–14197, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14181-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14181-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed long-term fine- and coarse-mode nitrate and related aerosols synergetic observations at Fukuoka, Japan. GEOS Chem model including dust and sea-salt acid uptake processes was used to assess the observed seasonal variation, and the impact of long-range transport from the Asian continent. A numerical model reproduced the seasonal variations of fine aerosols. For coarse nitrate, large-scale dust-nitrate outflow from China was confirmed during all dust events between January and June.
Keiichiro Hara, Sumito Matoba, Motohiro Hirabayashi, and Tetsuhide Yamasaki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8577–8598, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8577-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8577-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
To obtain knowledge about sea-salt chemistry in polar regions, we made simultaneous measurements and sampling of aerosols, frost flowers, and brine around northwestern Greenland during winter–spring. Our results show sea-salt enrichment in frost flowers and snow. Also, the fractionated sea-salt particles were suspended in the atmosphere over sea-ice areas. From the field evidence and results from earlier studies, we propose and describe sea-salt cycles in seasonal sea-ice areas.
Syuichi Itahashi, Itsushi Uno, Kazuo Osada, Yusuke Kamiguchi, Shigekazu Yamamoto, Kei Tamura, Zhe Wang, Yasunori Kurosaki, and Yugo Kanaya
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3823–3843, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3823-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3823-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Over East Asia, the transboundary air pollution of SO42− has been recognized. The importance of the transboundary air pollution of NO3− in winter was demonstrated in this study through synergetic ground-based observations with state-of-the-art measurements of secondary inorganic aerosols (SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+) and a regional chemical transport model analysis. This study will help to refine the understanding of transboundary heavy PM2.5 pollution in winter.
Xiaole Pan, Itsushi Uno, Yukari Hara, Kazuo Osada, Shigekazu Yamamoto, Zhe Wang, Nobuo Sugimoto, Hiroshi Kobayashi, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9863–9873, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9863-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9863-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Polarization properties of aerosol particles at a suburban site in the western Japan was studied on the basis of long-term observation and trajectory analysis. This study provides the detailed information on the polarization characteristics of particles from different origins, and proposed a reliable criterion to classify spherical and non-spherical particles. This study introduced a new method to investigate the mixed state of dust particle with anthropogenic pollutant.
K. Hara, F. Nakazawa, S. Fujita, K. Fukui, H. Enomoto, and S. Sugiyama
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10211–10230, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10211-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10211-2014, 2014
K. Hara, M. Hayashi, M. Yabuki, M. Shiobara, and C. Nishita-Hara
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 4169–4183, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4169-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4169-2014, 2014
K. Osada, S. Ura, M. Kagawa, M. Mikami, T. Y. Tanaka, S. Matoba, K. Aoki, M. Shinoda, Y. Kurosaki, M. Hayashi, A. Shimizu, and M. Uematsu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1107–1121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1107-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1107-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Evolution and chemical characteristics of organic aerosols during wintertime PM2.5 episodes in Shanghai, China: insights gained from online measurements of organic molecular markers
Arctic observations of hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF) – seasonal behavior and relationship to other oxidation products of dimethyl sulfide at the Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard
A 1-year aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) source analysis of organic aerosol particle contributions from anthropogenic sources after long-range transport at the TROPOS research station Melpitz
Contributions of primary emissions and secondary formation to nitrated aromatic compounds in themountain background region of Southeast China
Mist cannon trucks can exacerbate the formation of water-soluble organic aerosol and PM2.5 pollution in the road environment
Amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids in the tropical oligotrophic Atlantic Ocean: sea-to-air transfer and atmospheric in situ formation
Ambient carbonaceous aerosol levels in Cyprus and the role of pollution transport from the Middle East
High contribution of anthropogenic combustion sources to atmospheric inorganic reactive nitrogen in South China evidenced by isotopes
Measurement report: Diurnal variations of brown carbon during two distinct seasons in a megacity in northeast China
Vertical profiles of volatile organic compounds and fine particles in atmospheric air by using an aerial drone with miniaturized samplers and portable devices
Climatology of aerosol properties at an atmospheric monitoring site on the Northern California coast
Multiple pathways for the formation of secondary organic aerosol in the North China Plain in summer
Insights into characteristics and formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosols in the Guangzhou urban area
An attribution of the low single-scattering albedo of biomass burning aerosol over the southeastern Atlantic
Measurement report: Rapid changes of chemical characteristics and health risks for highly time resolved trace elements in PM2.5 in a typical industrial city in response to stringent clean air actions
Measurement report: Summertime fluorescence characteristics of atmospheric water-soluble organic carbon in the marine boundary layer of the western Arctic Ocean
Efficient production of singlet oxygen and organic triplet excited states in aqueous PM2.5 in Hong Kong, South China
High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy
High frequency of new particle formation events driven by summer monsoon in the central Tibetan Plateau, China
What chemical species are responsible for new particle formation and growth in the Netherlands? A hybrid positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis using aerosol composition (ACSM) and size (SMPS)
Chemical precursors of new particle formation in coastal New Zealand
Insights into the single-particle composition, size, mixing state, and aspect ratio of freshly emitted mineral dust from field measurements in the Moroccan Sahara using electron microscopy
Night-time NO emissions strongly suppress chlorine and nitrate radical formation during the winter in Delhi
Seasonal variation of aerosol iron solubility in coarse and fine particles at an inland city in northwestern China
Unambiguous identification of N-containing oxygenated organic molecules using a chemical-ionization Orbitrap (CI-Orbitrap) in an eastern Chinese megacity
Estimating hub-height wind speed based on a machine learning algorithm: implications for wind energy assessment
Characteristics and degradation of organic aerosols from cooking sources based on hourly observations of organic molecular markers in urban environments
Characteristics of particulate-bound n-alkanes indicating sources of PM2.5 in Beijing, China
Characterization of volatile organic compounds and submicron organic aerosol in a traffic environment
Non-volatile marine and non-refractory continental sources of particle-phase amine during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES)
Effects of transport on a biomass burning plume from Indochina during EMeRGe-Asia identified by WRF-Chem
Measurement report: A one-year study to estimate maritime contributions to PM10 in a coastal area in Northern France
The shifting of secondary inorganic aerosol formation mechanisms during haze aggravation: the decisive role of aerosol liquid water
Collective geographical ecoregions and precursor sources driving Arctic new particle formation
Measurement report: Chemical components and 13C and 15N isotope ratios of fine aerosols over Tianjin, North China: year-round observations
Impact of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) loading on the molecular composition of wintertime PM2.5 in urban Tianjin: an insight from Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Impacts of biomass burning and photochemical processing on the light absorption of brown carbon in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Measurement report: New insights into the mixing structures of black carbon on the eastern Tibetan Plateau: soot redistribution and fractal dimension enhancement by liquid‒liquid phase separation
Fates of secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere identified from compound-specific dual-carbon isotope analysis of oxalic acid
Measurement report: Aerosol vertical profiles over the western North Atlantic Ocean during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES)
Characteristics of fine particle matter at the top of Shanghai Tower
Measurement report: Abundance and fractional solubilities of aerosol metals in urban Hong Kong – insights into factors that control aerosol metal dissolution in an urban site in South China
Measurement report: Intensive biomass burning emissions and rapid nitrate formation drive severe haze formation in the Sichuan Basin, China – insights from aerosol mass spectrometry
African smoke particles act as cloud condensation nuclei in the wintertime tropical North Atlantic boundary layer over Barbados
Measurement report: Changes in light absorption and molecular composition of water-soluble humic-like substances during a winter haze bloom-decay process in Guangzhou, China
Influence of natural and anthropogenic aerosol on cloud base droplet size distributions in clouds over the South China Sea and Western Pacific
Varying chiral ratio of pinic acid enantiomers above the Amazon rainforest
Impact of aging on the sources, volatility, and viscosity of organic aerosols in Chinese outflows
The Important Contribution of Secondary Formation and Biomass Burning to Oxidized Organic Nitrogen (OON) in a Polluted Urban Area: Insights from In Situ FIGAERO-CIMS Measurements
Biogenic and anthropogenic sources of isoprene and monoterpenes and their secondary organic aerosol in Delhi, India
Shuhui Zhu, Min Zhou, Liping Qiao, Dan Dan Huang, Qiongqiong Wang, Shan Wang, Yaqin Gao, Shengao Jing, Qian Wang, Hongli Wang, Changhong Chen, Cheng Huang, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7551–7568, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7551-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7551-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Organic aerosol (OA) is increasingly important in urban PM2.5 pollution as inorganic ions are becoming lower. We investigated the chemical characteristics of OA during nine episodes in Shanghai. The availability of bi-hourly measured molecular markers revealed that the control of local urban sources such as vehicular and cooking emissions lessened the severity of local episodes. Regional control of precursors and biomass burning would reduce PM2.5 episodes influenced by regional transport.
Karolina Siegel, Yvette Gramlich, Sophie L. Haslett, Gabriel Freitas, Radovan Krejci, Paul Zieger, and Claudia Mohr
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7569–7587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7569-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7569-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF) is a recently discovered oxidation product of dimethyl sulfide (DMS). We present a full year of concurrent gas- and particle-phase observations of HPMTF and other DMS oxidation products from the Arctic. We did not observe significant amounts of HPMTF in the particle phase but a good agreement between gas-phase HMPTF and methanesulfonic acid in the summer. Our study provides information about the relationship between HPMTF and other DMS oxidation products.
Samira Atabakhsh, Laurent Poulain, Gang Chen, Francesco Canonaco, André S. H. Prévôt, Mira Pöhlker, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6963–6988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study focuses on the aerosol chemical variations found in the rural-background station of Melpitz based on ACSM and MAAP measurements. Source apportionment on both organic aerosol (OA) and black carbon (eBC) was performed, and source seasonality was also linked to air mass trajectories. Overall, three anthropogenic sources were identified in OA and eBC plus two additional aged OA. Our results demonstrate the influence of transported coal-combustion-related OA even during summer time.
Yanqin Ren, Gehui Wang, Jie Wei, Jun Tao, Zhisheng Zhang, and Hong Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6835–6848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nine quantified nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) in PM2.5 were examined at the peak of Mt. Wuyi. They manifested a significant rise in overall abundance in the winter and autumn. The transport of contaminants had a significant impact on NACs. Under low-NOx conditions, the formation of NACs was comparatively sensitive to NO2, suggesting that NACs would become significant in the aerosol characteristics when nitrate concentrations decreased as a result of emission reduction measures.
Yu Xu, Xin-Ni Dong, Chen He, Dai-She Wu, Hong-Wei Xiao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6775–6788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6775-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6775-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The air pollution associated with fine particles and secondary organic aerosol is not weakened by the application of mist cannon trucks but rather is aggravated. Our results provide not only new insights into the formation processes of aerosol water-soluble organic compounds associated with the water mist sprayed by mist cannon trucks in the road atmospheric environment but also crucial information for the decision makers to regulate the operation of mist cannon trucks in many cities in China.
Manuela van Pinxteren, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Nadja Triesch, Sanja Frka, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6571–6590, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Important marine organic carbon compounds were identified in the Atlantic Ocean and marine aerosol particles. These compounds were strongly enriched in the atmosphere. Their enrichment was, however, not solely explained via sea-to-air transfer but also via atmospheric in situ formation. The identified compounds constituted about 50 % of the organic carbon on the aerosol particles, and a pronounced coupling between ocean and atmosphere for this oligotrophic region could be concluded.
Aliki Christodoulou, Iasonas Stavroulas, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maximillien Desservettaz, Michael Pikridas, Elie Bimenyimana, Jonilda Kushta, Matic Ivančič, Martin Rigler, Philippe Goloub, Konstantina Oikonomou, Roland Sarda-Estève, Chrysanthos Savvides, Charbel Afif, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Stéphane Sauvage, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6431–6456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our study presents, for the first time, a detailed source identification of aerosols at an urban background site in Cyprus (eastern Mediterranean), a region strongly impacted by climate change and air pollution. Here, we identify an unexpected high contribution of long-range transported pollution from fossil fuel sources in the Middle East, highlighting an urgent need to further characterize these fast-growing emissions and their impacts on regional atmospheric composition, climate, and health.
Tingting Li, Jun Li, Zeyu Sun, Hongxing Jiang, Chongguo Tian, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6395–6407, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N-NH4+ and N-NO3- were vital components in nitrogenous aerosols and contributed 69 % to total nitrogen in PM2.5. Coal combustion was still the most important source of urban atmospheric NO3-. However, the non-agriculture sources play an increasingly important role in NH4+ emissions.
Yuan Cheng, Xu-bing Cao, Jiu-meng Liu, Ying-jie Zhong, Qin-qin Yu, Qiang Zhang, and Ke-bin He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6241–6253, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6241-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6241-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) aerosols were explored in the northernmost megacity in China during a frigid winter and an agricultural-fire-impacted spring. BrC was more light absorbing at night for both seasons, with more pronounced diurnal variations in spring, and the dominant drivers were identified as regulations on heavy-duty diesel trucks and open burning, respectively. Agricultural fires resulted in unique absorption spectra of BrC, which were characterized by a distinct peak at ∼365 nm.
Eka Dian Pusfitasari, Jose Ruiz-Jimenez, Aleksi Tiusanen, Markus Suuronen, Jesse Haataja, Yusheng Wu, Juha Kangasluoma, Krista Luoma, Tuukka Petäjä, Matti Jussila, Kari Hartonen, and Marja-Liisa Riekkola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5885–5904, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5885-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5885-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A miniaturized air-sampling drone system was successfully applied for the collection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and for the measurement of black carbon (BC) and total particle number concentrations in atmospheric air. Here we report, for the first time, the vertical profiles of BC and aerosol number concentrations above the boreal forest in Hyytiälä (Finland) at high altitudes close to the boundary layer in autumn 2021. VOC composition with its distribution was studied as well.
Erin K. Boedicker, Elisabeth Andrews, Patrick J. Sheridan, and Patricia K. Quinn
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-442, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-442, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present 15 years of measurements from a marine site on the Northern California coast and characterize the seasonal trends of aerosol ion composition and optical properties at the site. We investigate the relationship between the chemical and optical properties and show that they both support similar seasonal variations in aerosol sources at the site. Additionally, we show through comparisons to other marine aerosol observations that the site is representative of a clean marine environment.
Yifang Gu, Ru-Jin Huang, Jing Duan, Wei Xu, Chunshui Lin, Haobin Zhong, Ying Wang, Haiyan Ni, Quan Liu, Ruiguang Xu, Litao Wang, and Yong Jie Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5419–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5419-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5419-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can be produced by various pathways, but its formation mechanisms are unclear. Observations were conducted in the North China Plain during a highly oxidizing atmosphere in summer. We found that fast photochemistry dominated SOA formation during daytime. Two types of aqueous-phase chemistry (nocturnal and daytime processing) take place at high relative humidity. The potential transformation from primary organic aerosol (POA) to SOA was also an important pathway.
Miaomiao Zhai, Ye Kuang, Li Liu, Yao He, Biao Luo, Wanyun Xu, Jiangchuan Tao, Yu Zou, Fei Li, Changqin Yin, Chunhui Li, Hanbing Xu, and Xuejiao Deng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5119–5133, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5119-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5119-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using year-long aerosol mass spectrometer measurements, roles of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) during haze formations in an urban area of southern China were systematically analyzed. Almost all severe haze events were accompanied by continuous daytime and nighttime SOA formations, whereas coordinated gas-phase photochemistry and aqueous-phase reactions likely played significant roles in quick daytime SOA formations, and nitrate radicals played significant roles in nighttime SOA formations.
Amie Dobracki, Paquita Zuidema, Steven G. Howell, Pablo Saide, Steffen Freitag, Allison C. Aiken, Sharon P. Burton, Arthur J. Sedlacek III, Jens Redemann, and Robert Wood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4775–4799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4775-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4775-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Southern Africa produces approximately one-third of the world’s carbon from fires. The thick smoke layer can flow westward, interacting with the southeastern Atlantic cloud deck. The net radiative impact can alter regional circulation patterns, impacting rainfall over Africa. We find that the smoke is highly absorbing of sunlight, mostly because it contains more black carbon than smoke over the Northern Hemisphere.
Rui Li, Yining Gao, Yubao Chen, Meng Peng, Weidong Zhao, Gehui Wang, and Jiming Hao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4709–4726, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4709-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4709-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A random forest model was used to isolate the effects of emission and meteorology to trace elements in PM2.5 in Tangshan. The results suggested that control measures facilitated decreases of Ga, Co, Pb, Zn, and As, due to the strict implementation of coal-to-gas strategies and optimisation of industrial structure and layout. However, the deweathered levels of Ca, Cr, and Fe only displayed minor decreases, indicating that ferrous metal smelting and vehicle emission controls should be enhanced.
Jinyoung Jung, Yuzo Miyazaki, Jin Hur, Yun Kyung Lee, Mi Hae Jeon, Youngju Lee, Kyoung-Ho Cho, Hyun Young Chung, Kitae Kim, Jung-Ok Choi, Catherine Lalande, Joo-Hong Kim, Taejin Choi, Young Jun Yoon, Eun Jin Yang, and Sung-Ho Kang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4663–4684, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4663-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4663-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study examined the summertime fluorescence properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in aerosols over the western Arctic Ocean. We found that the WSOC in fine-mode aerosols in coastal areas showed a higher polycondensation degree and aromaticity than in sea-ice-covered areas. The fluorescence properties of atmospheric WSOC in the summertime marine Arctic boundary can improve our understanding of the WSOC chemical and biological linkages at the ocean–sea-ice–atmosphere interface.
Yuting Lyu, Yin Hau Lam, Yitao Li, Nadine Borduas-Dedekind, and Theodora Nah
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-739, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-739, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured singlet oxygen (1O2) and triplet excited states of organic matter (3C∗) in illuminated aqueous extracts of PM2.5 collected in different seasons at different sites in Hong Kong, South China. In contrast to the locations, seasonality had significant effects on 3C∗ and 1O2 production due to seasonal variations in long-range air mass transport. The steady-state concentrations of 3C∗ and 1O2 correlated with the concentration and absorbance of water-soluble organic carbon.
Yong Zhang, Jie Tian, Qiyuan Wang, Lu Qi, Manousos Ioannis Manousakas, Yuemei Han, Weikang Ran, Yele Sun, Huikun Liu, Renjian Zhang, Yunfei Wu, Tianqu Cui, Kaspar Rudolf Daellenbach, Jay Gates Slowik, André S. H. Prévôt, and Junji Cao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-457, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-457, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 pollution still frequently occurred in northern China during winter, and it is necessary to figure out the causes of air pollution based on intensive real-time measurement. The findings elaborated the chemical characteristics and source contributions of PM2.5 in three pilot cities, revealed potential formation mechanisms of secondary aerosols, highlighted the importance of controlling biomass burning and inhibiting generation of secondary aerosol for air quality improvement.
Lizi Tang, Min Hu, Dongjie Shang, Xin Fang, Jianjiong Mao, Wanyun Xu, Jiacheng Zhou, Weixiong Zhao, Yaru Wang, Chong Zhang, Yingjie Zhang, Jianlin Hu, Limin Zeng, Chunxiang Ye, Song Guo, and Zhijun Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4343–4359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4343-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4343-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There was an evident distinction in the frequency of new particle formation (NPF) events at Nam Co station on the Tibetan Plateau: 15 % in pre-monsoon season and 80 % in monsoon season. The frequent NPF events in monsoon season resulted from the higher frequency of southerly air masses, which brought the organic precursors to participate in the NPF process. It increased the amount of aerosol and CCN compared with those in pre-monsoon season, which may markedly affect earth's radiation balance.
Farhan R. Nursanto, Roy Meinen, Rupert Holzinger, Maarten C. Krol, Xinya Liu, Ulrike Dusek, Bas Henzing, and Juliane L. Fry
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-554, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-554, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Particulate matter (PM) is a harmful air pollution that depends on the complex mixture of natural and anthropogenic emissions to the atmosphere. Thus, in different regions and seasons, the way that PM is formed and grows can differ. In this study, we use a combined statistical analysis of the chemical composition and particle size distribution to determine what drives particle formation and growth, across seasons and using varying wind directions to elucidate the role of different sources.
Maija Peltola, Clémence Rose, Jonathan V. Trueblood, Sally Gray, Mike Harvey, and Karine Sellegri
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3955–3983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3955-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3955-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the chemical composition of ambient ions at a coastal New Zealand site and connected these data with aerosol size distribution data to study the chemical precursors of new particle formation at the site. Our results showed that iodine oxides and sulfur species were important for particle formation in marine air, while in land-influenced air sulfuric acid and organics were connected to new particle formation events.
Agnesh Panta, Konrad Kandler, Andres Alastuey, Cristina González-Flórez, Adolfo González-Romero, Martina Klose, Xavier Querol, Cristina Reche, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3861–3885, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3861-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3861-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Desert dust is a major aerosol component of the Earth system and affects the climate. Dust properties are influenced by particle size, mineralogy, shape, and mixing state. This work characterizes freshly emitted individual mineral dust particles from a major source region using electron microscopy. Our new insights into critical particle-specific information will contribute to better constraining climate models that consider mineralogical variations in their representation of the dust cycle.
Sophie L. Haslett, David M. Bell, Varun Kumar, Jay G. Slowik, Dongyu S. Wang, Suneeti Mishra, Neeraj Rastogi, Atinderpal Singh, Dilip Ganguly, Joel Thornton, Feixue Zheng, Yuanyuan Li, Wei Nie, Yongchun Liu, Wei Ma, Chao Yan, Markku Kulmala, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, David Hadden, Urs Baltensperger, Andre S. H. Prevot, Sachchida N. Tripathi, and Claudia Mohr
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-497, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-497, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In Delhi, some aspects of daytime and night-time atmospheric chemistry are “flipped,” and parodoxically, vehicle emissions may be limiting other forms of particle production. This is because the night-time emissions of nitrogen oxide (NO) by traffic, as well as biomass burning, prevents some chemical processes that would otherwise create even more particles, and worsen the urban haze.
Huanhuan Zhang, Rui Li, Chengpeng Huang, Xiaofei Li, Shuwei Dong, Fu Wang, Tingting Li, Yizhu Chen, Guohua Zhang, Yan Ren, Qingcai Chen, Ru-jin Huang, Siyu Chen, Tao Xue, Xinming Wang, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3543–3559, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3543-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3543-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work investigated the seasonal variation of aerosol Fe solubility for coarse and fine particles in Xi’an, a megacity in northwestern China severely affected by anthropogenic emission and desert dust aerosol. In addition, we discussed in depth what controlled aerosol Fe solubility at different seasons for coarse and fine particles.
Yiqun Lu, Yingge Ma, Dan Dan Huang, Shengrong Lou, Sheng'ao Jing, Yaqin Gao, Hongli Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Hui Chen, Yunhua Chang, Naiqiang Yan, Jianmin Chen, Christian George, Matthieu Riva, and Cheng Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3233–3245, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3233-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3233-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N-containing oxygenated organic molecules have been identified as important precursors of aerosol particles. We used an ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometer coupled with an online sample inlet to accurately measure their molecular composition, concentration level and variation patterns. We show their formation process and influencing factors in a Chinese megacity involving various volatile organic compound precursors and atmospheric oxidants, and we highlight the influence of PM2.5 episodes.
Boming Liu, Xin Ma, Jianping Guo, Hui Li, Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, and Wei Gong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3181–3193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3181-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3181-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Wind energy is one of the most essential clean and renewable forms of energy in today’s world. However, the traditional power law method generally estimates the hub-height wind speed by assuming a constant exponent between surface and hub-height wind speeds. This inevitably leads to significant uncertainties in estimating the wind speed profile. To minimize the uncertainties, we here use a machine learning algorithm known as random forest to estimate the wind speed at hub height.
Rui Li, Kun Zhang, Qing Li, Liumei Yang, Shunyao Wang, Zhiqiang Liu, Xiaojuan Zhang, Hui Chen, Yanan Yi, Jialiang Feng, Qiongqiong Wang, Ling Huang, Wu Wang, Yangjun Wang, Jian Zhen Yu, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3065–3081, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3065-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3065-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Molecular markers in organic aerosol (OA) provide specific source information on PM2.5, and the contribution of cooking emissions to OA is significant, especially in urban environments. This study investigates the variation in concentrations and oxidative degradation of fatty acids and corresponding oxidation products in ambient air, which can be a guide for the refinement of aerosol source apportionment and provide scientific support for the development of emission source control policies.
Jiyuan Yang, Guoyang Lei, Chang Liu, Yutong Wu, Kai Hu, Jinfeng Zhu, Junsong Bao, Weili Lin, and Jun Jin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3015–3029, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The characteristics of n-alkanes and the contributions of various sources of PM2.5 in the atmosphere in Beijing were studied. There were marked seasonal and diurnal differences in the n-alkane concentrations (p<0.01). Particulate-bound n-alkanes were supplied by anthropogenic and biogenic sources; fossil fuel combustion was the dominant contributor. Vehicle exhausts strongly affect PM2.5 pollution. Controlling vehicle exhaust emissions is key to control n-alkane and PM2.5 pollution in Beijing.
Sanna Saarikoski, Heidi Hellén, Arnaud P. Praplan, Simon Schallhart, Petri Clusius, Jarkko V. Niemi, Anu Kousa, Toni Tykkä, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Minna Aurela, Laura Salo, Topi Rönkkö, Luis M. F. Barreira, Liisa Pirjola, and Hilkka Timonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2963–2982, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study elucidates properties and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and organic aerosol (OA) in a traffic environment. Anthropogenic VOCs (aVOCs) were clearly higher than biogenic VOCs (bVOCs), but bVOCs produced a larger portion of oxidation products. OA consisted mostly of oxygenated OA, representing secondary OA (SOA). SOA was partly associated with bVOCs, but it was also related to long-range transport. Primary OA originated mostly from traffic.
Veronica Z. Berta, Lynn M. Russell, Derek J. Price, Chia-Li Chen, Alex K. Y. Lee, Patricia K. Quinn, Timothy S. Bates, Thomas G. Bell, and Michael J. Behrenfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2765–2787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2765-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2765-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Amines are compounds emitted from a variety of marine and continental sources and were measured by aerosol mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) cruises. Secondary continental and primary marine sources of amines were identified by comparisons to tracers. The results show that the two methods are complementary for investigating amines in the marine environment.
Chuan-Yao Lin, Wan-Chin Chen, Yi-Yun Chien, Charles C. K. Chou, Chian-Yi Liu, Helmut Ziereis, Hans Schlager, Eric Förster, Florian Obersteiner, Ovid O. Krüger, Bruna A. Holanda, Mira L. Pöhlker, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Birger Bohn, Klaus Pfeilsticker, Benjamin Weyland, Maria Dolores Andrés Hernández, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2627–2647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2627-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2627-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the EMeRGe campaign in Asia, atmospheric pollutants were measured on board the HALO aircraft. The WRF-Chem model was employed to evaluate the biomass burning (BB) plume transported from Indochina and its impact on the downstream areas. The combination of BB aerosol enhancement with cloud water resulted in a reduction in incoming shortwave radiation at the surface in southern China and the East China Sea, which potentially has significant regional climate implications.
Frédéric Ledoux, Cloé Roche, Gilles Delmaire, Gilles Roussel, Olivier Favez, Marc Fadel, and Dominique Courcot
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-169, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-169, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The objective of this work is to quantify the emissions resulting from the marine compartment in Northern France whether from natural or human-made sources. Therefore, a one-year PM10 sampling campaign was conducted at a coastal French site. Results showed that sea-salts contributed 37 %, while secondary nitrate and sulfate contributed 41 %, biomass burning 10 %, and HFO combustion from shipping emissions 5 %. Sources contributing to more than 80 % of PM10 are of regional and/or long-range origins.
Fei Xie, Yue Su, Yongli Tian, Yanju Shi, Xingjun Zhou, Peng Wang, Ruihong Yu, Wei Wang, Jiang He, Jinyuan Xin, and Changwei Lü
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2365–2378, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2365-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2365-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work finds the shifting of secondary inorganic aerosol formation mechanisms during haze aggravation and explains the decisive role of aerosol liquid water on a broader scale (~ 500 μg m3) in an ammonia-rich atmosphere based on the in situ high-resolution online monitoring datasets.
James Brean, David C. S. Beddows, Roy M. Harrison, Congbo Song, Peter Tunved, Johan Ström, Radovan Krejci, Eyal Freud, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Eija Asmi, Angelo Lupi, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2183–2198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2183-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2183-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our results emphasize how understanding the geographical variation in surface types across the Arctic is key to understanding secondary aerosol sources. We provide a harmonised analysis of new particle formation across the Arctic.
Zhichao Dong, Chandra Mouli Pavuluri, Zhanjie Xu, Yu Wang, Peisen Li, Pingqing Fu, and Cong-Qiang Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2119–2143, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2119-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2119-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study has provided comprehensive baseline data of carbonaceous and inorganic aerosols as well as their isotope ratios in the Tianjin region, North China, found that Tianjin aerosols were derived from coal combustion, biomass burning and photochemical reactions of VOCs, and also implied that the Tianjin aerosols were more aged during long-range atmospheric transport in summer via carbonaceous and isotope data analysis.
Shujun Zhong, Shuang Chen, Junjun Deng, Yanbing Fan, Qiang Zhang, Qiaorong Xie, Yulin Qi, Wei Hu, Libin Wu, Xiaodong Li, Chandra Mouli Pavuluri, Jialei Zhu, Xin Wang, Di Liu, Xiaole Pan, Yele Sun, Zifa Wang, Yisheng Xu, Haijie Tong, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Kimitaka Kawamura, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2061–2077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2061-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2061-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the role of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) loading on the molecular composition of wintertime urban aerosols by ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. Results demonstrate that the SOA loading is an important factor associated with the oxidation degree, nitrate group content, and chemodiversity of nitrooxy–organosulfates. Our study also found that the hydrolysis of nitrooxy–organosulfates is a possible pathway for the formation of organosulfates.
Jie Tian, Qiyuan Wang, Yongyong Ma, Jin Wang, Yongming Han, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1879–1892, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1879-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1879-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the light absorption properties of brown carbon (BrC) in the Tibetan Plateau (TP). BrC made a substantial contribution to the submicron aerosol absorption, which is related to the cross-border transport of biomass burning emission and secondary aerosol from Southeast Asia. The radiative effect of BrC was half that of black carbon, which can remarkably affect the radiative balance of the TP.
Qi Yuan, Yuanyuan Wang, Yixin Chen, Siyao Yue, Jian Zhang, Yinxiao Zhang, Liang Xu, Wei Hu, Dantong Liu, Pingqing Fu, Huiwang Gao, and Weijun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-831, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-831, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
This study for the first time found large amounts of liquid-liquid phase separation particles with BC redistributing in organic coatings instead of sulfate cores in the eastern TP atmosphere. The entire particle size, OM-coating thickness, and BC size are key factors that affect the BC redistribution process. The BC redistribution process and high RH both promoted the morphological compaction of soot particles.
Buqing Xu, Jiao Tang, Tiangang Tang, Shizhen Zhao, Guangcai Zhong, Sanyuan Zhu, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1565–1578, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1565-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1565-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed compound-specific dual-carbon isotope signatures (Δ14C and δ13C) of dominant secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracer molecules (i.e., oxalic acid) to investigate the fates of SOAs in the atmosphere at five emission hotspots in China. The results indicated that SOA carbon sources and chemical processes producing SOAs vary spatially and seasonally, and these variations need to be included in Chinese climate projection models and air quality management practices.
Francesca Gallo, Kevin J. Sanchez, Bruce E. Anderson, Ryan Bennett, Matthew D. Brown, Ewan C. Crosbie, Chris Hostetler, Carolyn Jordan, Melissa Yang Martin, Claire E. Robinson, Lynn M. Russell, Taylor J. Shingler, Michael A. Shook, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Armin Wisthaler, Luke D. Ziemba, and Richard H. Moore
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1465–1490, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1465-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1465-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We integrate in situ ship- and aircraft-based measurements of aerosol, trace gases, and meteorological parameters collected during the NASA North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) field campaigns in the western North Atlantic Ocean region. A comprehensive characterization of the vertical profiles of aerosol properties under different seasonal regimes is provided for improving the understanding of aerosol key processes and aerosol–cloud interactions in marine regions.
Changqin Yin, Jianming Xu, Wei Gao, Liang Pan, Yixuan Gu, Qingyan Fu, and Fan Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1329–1343, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1329-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1329-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The particle matter (PM2.5) at the top of the 632 m high Shanghai Tower was found to be higher than the surface from June to October due to unexpected larger PM2.5 levels during early to middle afternoon at Shanghai Tower. We suppose the significant chemical production of secondary species existed in the mid-upper planetary boundary layer. We found a high nitrate concentration at the tower site for both daytime and nighttime in winter, implying efficient gas-phase and heterogeneous formation.
Junwei Yang, Lan Ma, Xiao He, Wing Chi Au, Yanhao Miao, Wen-Xiong Wang, and Theodora Nah
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1403–1419, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1403-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1403-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water-soluble metals play key roles in human health and atmospheric processes. We report the seasonal abundance and fractional solubilities of different metals in aerosols collected in urban Hong Kong as well as the key factors that modulated solubilities of the various metals in fine aerosols. Our results highlight the dual roles (i.e., acidifying the aerosol particle and providing a liquid reaction medium) that sulfate plays in the acid dissolution of metals in fine aerosols in Hong Kong.
Zhier Bao, Xinyi Zhang, Qing Li, Jiawei Zhou, Guangming Shi, Li Zhou, Fumo Yang, Shaodong Xie, Dan Zhang, Chongzhi Zhai, Zhenliang Li, Chao Peng, and Yang Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1147–1167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1147-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1147-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We characterised non-refractory fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during winter in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), Southwest China. The factors driving severe aerosol pollution were revealed, highlighting the importance of rapid nitrate formation and intensive biomass burning. Nitrate was primarily formed through gas-phase oxidation during daytime and aqueous-phase oxidation during nighttime. Controlling nitrate and biomass burning will benefit the mitigation of haze formation in the SCB.
Haley M. Royer, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ovid Krüger, Edmund Blades, Peter Sealy, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Andrew P. Ault, Patricia K. Quinn, Paquita Zuidema, Christopher Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat Andreae, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 981–998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-981-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents atmospheric particle chemical composition and measurements of aerosol water uptake properties collected at Ragged Point, Barbados, during the winter of 2020. The result of this study indicates the importance of small African smoke particles for cloud droplet formation in the tropical North Atlantic and highlights the large spatial and temporal pervasiveness of smoke over the Atlantic Ocean.
Chunlin Zou, Tao Cao, Meiju Li, Jianzhong Song, Bin Jiang, Wanglu Jia, Jun Li, Xiang Ding, Zhiqiang Yu, Gan Zhang, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 963–979, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, PM2.5 samples were obtained during a winter haze event in Guangzhou, China, and light absorption and molecular composition of humic-like substances (HULIS) were investigated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. The findings obtained present some differences from the results reported in other regions of China and significantly enhanced our understanding of HULIS evolution during haze bloom-decay processes in the subtropic region of southern China.
Rose Marie Miller, Robert M. Rauber, Larry Di Girolamo, Matthew Rilloraza, Dongwei Fu, Greg M. McFarquhar, Stephen Nesbitt, Luke D. Ziemba, Sarah Woods, and K. Lee Thornhill
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1429, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1429, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The influence of human-produced aerosols on clouds remains one of the uncertainties in radiative forcing of Earth’s climate. Measurements of aerosol chemistry from sources around the Philippines illustrate the linkage between aerosol chemical composition and cloud droplet characteristics. Differences in aerosol chemical composition in the marine layer from biomass burning, industrial and ship-produced, and marine aerosol are shown to impact cloud microphysical structure just above cloud base.
Denis Leppla, Nora Zannoni, Leslie Kremper, Jonathan Williams, Christopher Pöhlker, Marta Sá, Maria Christina Solci, and Thorsten Hoffmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 809–820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-809-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-809-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chiral chemodiversity plays a critical role in biochemical processes such as insect and plant communication. Here we report on the measurement of chiral-specified secondary organic aerosol in the Amazon rainforest. The results show that the chiral ratio is mainly determined by large-scale emission processes. Characteristic emissions of chiral aerosol precursors from different forest ecosystems can thus provide large-scale information on different biogenic sources via chiral particle analysis.
Tingting Feng, Yingkun Wang, Weiwei Hu, Ming Zhu, Wei Song, Wei Chen, Yanyan Sang, Zheng Fang, Wei Deng, Hua Fang, Xu Yu, Cheng Wu, Bin Yuan, Shan Huang, Min Shao, Xiaofeng Huang, Lingyan He, Young Ro Lee, Lewis Gregory Huey, Francesco Canonaco, Andre S. H. Prevot, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 611–636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-611-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-611-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate the impact of aging processes on organic aerosols (OA), we conducted a comprehensive field study at a continental remote site using an on-line mass spectrometer. The results show that OA in the Chinese outflows were strongly influenced by upwind anthropogenic emissions. The aging processes can significantly decrease the OA volatility and result in a varied viscosity of OA under different circumstances, signifying the complex physiochemical properties of OA in aged plumes.
Yiyu Cai, Chenshuo Ye, Wei Chen, Weiwei Hu, Wei Song, Yuwen Peng, Shan Huang, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Chaomin Wang, Caihong Wu, Zelong Wang, Baolin Wang, Xiaofeng Huang, Lingyan He, Sasho Gligorovski, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2023-8, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2023-8, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the variability and molecular composition of ambient oxidized organic nitrogen (OON) in both gas and particle phases using a state-of-the-art online mass spectrometer in urban air. Biomass burning and secondary formation were found to be the two major sources for OONs. Daytime nitrate radical chemistry for OON formation was important than previous thought. Our results improved the understanding of the sources and molecular composition of OON in the polluted urban atmosphere.
Daniel J. Bryant, Beth S. Nelson, Stefan J. Swift, Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Will S. Drysdale, Adam R. Vaughan, Mike J. Newland, James R. Hopkins, James M. Cash, Ben Langford, Eiko Nemitz, W. Joe F. Acton, C. Nicholas Hewitt, Tuhin Mandal, Bhola R. Gurjar, Shivani, Ranu Gadi, James D. Lee, Andrew R. Rickard, and Jacqueline F. Hamilton
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 61–83, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-61-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-61-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper investigates the sources of isoprene and monoterpene compounds and their particulate-phase oxidation products in Delhi, India. This was done to improve our understanding of the sources, concentrations, and fate of volatile emissions in megacities. By studying the chemical composition of offline filter samples, we report that a significant share of the oxidised organic aerosol in Delhi is from isoprene and monoterpenes. This has implications for human health and policy development.
Cited articles
Bodhaine, B. A.: Aerosol absorption measurements at Barrow, Mauna Loa and the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8967–8975, 1995.
Bromwich, D. H., Nicolas, J. P., Hines, K., M., Kay, J. E., Key, E. L., Lazzara, M. A., Lubin, D., McFarquhar, G. M., Gorodetskaya, I. V., Grosvenor, D. P., Cope, T. L., and van Lipzig, N. P. M.: Tropospheric clouds in Antarctica, Rev. Geophys., 50, RG1004, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000363, 2012.
Draxler, R. R. and Rolph, G. D.: HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL READY Website (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, USA, 2013.
Elsässer, C., Wagenbach, D., Weller, R., Aueri, M., Wallner, A., and Christl, M.: Continuous 25-yr aerosol records at coastal Antarctica Part 2: Variability of the radionuclides 7Be, 10Be and 210Pb, Tellus, 63B, 920–934, 2011.
Fiebig, M., Lunder, C. R., and Stohl, A.: Tracing biomass burning aerosol from South America to Troll Research Station, Antarctica, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L14815, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038531, 2009.
Hara, K., Kikuchi, T., Furuya, K., Hayashi, M., and Fujii, Y.: Characterization of Antarctic aerosol particles using laser microprobe mass spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30, 385–391, 1995.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Hayashi, M., Matsunaga, K., Shibata, T., Iwasaka, Y., and Furuya, K.: Fractionation of Inorganic Nitrates in Winter Arctic Troposphere – Coarse Aerosol Particles Containing Inorganic Nitrates, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 23671–23679, 1999.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Nishita, C., Yamagata, S., Yamanocuhi, T., Herber, A., Matsunaga, K., Iwasaka, Y., Nagatani, M., and Nakada, H.: Vertical variations of sea-salt modification in the boundary layer of spring Arctic during the ASTAR 2000 campaign, Tellus, 54, 361–376, 2002.
Hara, K., Yamagata, S., Yamanocuhi, T., Sato, K., Herber, A., Iwasaka, Y., Nagatani, M., and Nakada, H.: Mixing states of individual aerosol particles in spring Arctic troposphere during ASTAR 2000 campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4209, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002513, 2003.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Kido, M., Hayashi, M., Matsunaga, K., Iwasaka, Y., Yamanouchi, T., Hashida, G., and Fukatsu, T.: Chemistry of sea-salt particles and inorganic halogen species in Antarctic regions: Compositional differences between coastal and inland stations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D20208, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004713, 2004.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Kido, M., Matsunaga, K., Iwasaka, Y., and Hashida, G.: Seasonal variations of sea-salt constituents and sea-salt modification at Syowa Station, Antarctica, Tellus, 57B, 230–246, 2005.
Hara, K., Iwasaka, Y., Wada, M., Ihara, T., Shiba, H., Osada, K., and Yamanouchi, T.: Aerosol constituents and their spatial distribution in the free troposphere of coastal Antarctic regions, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D15216, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006591, 2006.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Yabuki1, M., Hashida, G., Yamanouchi, T., Hayashi, M., Shiobara, M., Nishita-Hara, C., and Wada, M.: Haze episodes at Syowa Station, coastal Antarctica: Where did they come from?, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D14205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012582, 2010a.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Yabuki, M., Hayashi, M., Yamanouchi, T., Shiobara, M., and Wada, M.: Black carbon at the coastal Antarctic station (Syowa): Seasonal variation and Transport processes, Antarctic Rec., 54, 562–592, 2010b (in Japanese with English abstract).
Hara, K., Matsuki, A., Yamagata, S., Iwasaka, Y., Yamanouchi, T. and Herber, A.: Aerosols in Arctic troposphere in spring and summer: spatial features of aerosol constituents and their mixing states, Antarctic Rec., 54, 845-867, 2010c (in Japanese with English abstract).
Hara, K., Osada, K., Nishita-Hara, C., Yabuki, M., Hayashi, M., Yamanouchi, T., Wada, M., and Shiobara, M.: Seasonal features of ultra-fine particle volatility in coastal Antarctic troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 9803–9812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9803-2011, 2011a.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Nishita-Hara, C., and Yamanouchi, T.: Seasonal variations and vertical features of aerosol particles in the Antarctic troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5471–5484, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-5471-2011, 2011b.
Hara, K., Osada, K., Yabuki, M., and Yamanouchi, T.: Seasonal variation of fractionated sea-salt particles on the Antarctic coast, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L18801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052761, 2012.
Hayashi, M.: Size distribution of aerosol in the stratosphere and troposphere observed with air-borne optical particle counter, Earozoru Kenkyu, 16, 118–124, 2001 (in Japanese).
Iizuka, Y., Hondoh, T., and Fujii, Y.: Na2SO4 and MgSO4 salts during the Holocene period derived by high-resolution depth analysis of a Dome Fuji ice core, J. Glaciol., 52, 58–64, 2006.
Iizuka, Y., Tsuchimoto, A., Hoshina, Y., Sakurai, T., Hansson, M., Karlin, T., Fujita, K., Nakazawa, F., Motoyama, H., and Fujita, S.: The rates of sea salt sulfatization in the atmosphere and surface snow of inland Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D04308, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016378, 2012.
Ishizaka, Y., Hobbs, P. V., and Radke, L. F.: Arctic hazes in summer over Greenland and the north American Arctic: II. Nature and concentrations of accumulation-mode and giant particles, J. Atmos. Chem., 9, 149–159, 1989.
Ito, T., Morita, Y., and Iwasaka, Y.: Balloon observation of aerosols in the Antarctic troposphere and stratosphere, Tellus, 38B, 214–222, 1986.
Ito, T.: Antarctic Submicron Aerosols and Long-Range Transport of Pollutants, Ambio, 18, 34–41, 1989.
Iwasaka, Y., Okada, K., and Ono A.: Individual aerosol particles in the Antarctic upper troposphere, Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Spec. Issue, 39, 17–29, 1985.
Jourdain, B. and Legrand, M.: Seasonal variations of atmospheric dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfur dioxide, methanesulfonate, and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols at Dumont d'Urville (coastal Antarctica) (December 1998 to July 1999), J. Geophys. Res., 106, 14391–14408, 2001.
Jourdain, B., Preunkert, S., Cerri, O., Castebrunet, H., Udisti, R., and Legrand, M.: Year-round record of size segregated aerosol composition in central Antarctica (Concordia Station): Implications for the degree of fractionation of sea-salt particles, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D14308, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009584, 2008.
Keene, W. C., Maring, H., Maben, J. R., Kieber, D. J., Pszenny, A. A. P., Dahl, E. E., Izaguirre, M. A., Davis, A. J., Long, M. S., Zhou, X., Smoydzin, L., and Sander R.: Chemical and physical characteristics of nascent aerosols produced by bursting bubbles at a model air-sea interface, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D21202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008464, 2007.
Kerminen, V. M., Teinilä, K., and Hillamo, R.: Chemistry of sea-salt particles in the summer Antarctic atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2817–2825, 2000.
Kizu, N., Hayashi, M., Yamanouchi, T., Iwasaka, Y., and Watanabe, M.: Seasonal and annual variations of aerosol concentrations in the troposphere and stratosphere over Syowa Station observed using a balloon-borne optical particle counter, Antarctic Rec., 54, 760–778, 2010.
Koch, D. and Hansen, J.: Distant origins of Arctic black carbon: A Goddard Institute for Space Studies model experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D04204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005296, 2005.
Koponen, I. K., Virkkula, A., Hillamo, R., Kerminen, V.-M., and Kulmala, M.: Number size distributions and concentrations of the continental summer aerosols in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4587, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003614, 2003.
Laskin, A. and Cowin, J. P.: Automated single-particle SEM/EDX analysis of submicrometer particles down to 0.1 μm, Anal. Chem., 73, 1023–1029, 2001.
Laskin, A., Moffet, R. C., Gilles, M. K., Fast, J. D., Zaveri, R. A., Wang, B., Nigge, P., and Shutthanandan, J.: Tropospheric chemistry of internally mixed sea salt and organic particles: Surprising reactivity of NaCl with weak organic acids, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D15302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017743, 2012.
Legrand, M. and Mayewski, P.: Glaciochemistry of polar ice cores: A review, Rev. Geophys., 35, 219–243, https://doi.org/10.1029/96RG03527, 1997.
Legrand, M., Sciare, J., Jourdain, B., and Genthon, C.: Subdaily variations of atmospheric dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoxide, methanesulfonate, and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols in the atmospheric boundary layer at Dumont d'Urville (coastal Antarctica) during summer, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 14409–14422, 2001.
Li, F., Ginoux, P., and Ramaswamy, V.: Transport of Patagonian dust to Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D18217, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012356, 2010.
Mamane, Y. and Gottlieb, J.: Nitrate formation on sea-salt and mineral particles – A single particle approach, Atmos. Environ., 26, 1763–1769, 1992.
Minikin, A., Legrand, M., Hall, J., Wagenbach, D., Kleefeld, C., Wolff, E., Pasteur, E., and Ducroz, F.: Sulfur-containing species (sulfate and methanesulfonate) in coastal Antarctic aerosol and precipitation, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 10975–10990, 1998.
Moore, J. K. and Abbott, M. R.: Surface chlorophyll concentrations in relation to the Antarctic Polar Front: seasonal and spatial patterns from satellite observations, J. Mar. Syst., 37, 69–86, 2002.
Mouri, H., Nagao, I., Okada, K., Koga, S., and Tanaka, H.: Individual-particle analyses of coastal Antarctic aerosols, Tellus, 51B, 603–611, 1999.
Ohno, H., Igarashi, M., and Hondoh, T.: Salt inclusions in polar ice core: Location and chemical form of water-soluble impurities, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 232, 171–178, 2005.
Okada, K., Wu, P. M., Tanaka, T., and Hotta, M.: A light balloon-borne sampler collecting stratospheric aerosol particles for electron microscopy, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 75, 753–760, 1997.
Okada, K., Wu, P. M., Tanaka, T., and Hotta, M., A light balloon-borne sampler collecting stratospheric aerosol particles for electron microscopy, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 75, 753–760, 1997. Okada, K., Ikegami, M., Zaizen, Y., Makino, Y., Jensen, J. B., and Gras, J. L.: The mixture state of individual aerosol particles in the 1997 Indonesian haze episode, J. Aerosol Sci., 32, 1269–1279, 2001.
Okada, K., Ikegami, M., Zaizen, Y., Tsutsumi, Y., Makino, Y., Jensen, J. B., and Gras, J. L.: Submicrometer sulfur-rich particles in the middle troposphere: Aircraft observations from Australia to Japan, Atmos. Res., 88, 185–198, 2008.
Osada, K., Hara, K., Wada, M., Yamanouchi, T., and Matsunaga, K.: Vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosol particles over Syowa Station, east Antarctica: Airborne observations from spring to summer in 2004, Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., 20, 16–27, 2006.
Piel, C., Weller, R., Huke, M., and Wagenbach, D.: Atmospheric methane sulfonate and non-sea-salt sulfate records at the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) deep-drilling site in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D03304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006213, 2006.
Pereira, K. C. D., Evangelista, H., Pereira, E. B., Simoes, J. C., Johnson, E., and Melo, L. R.: Transport of crustal microparticles from Chilean Patagonia to the Antarctic Peninsula by SEM-EDS analysis, Tellus, 56B, 262–275, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2004.00105.x, 2004.
Preunkert, S., Jourdain, B., Legrand, M., Udisti, R., Becagli, S., and Cerri, O.: Seasonality of sulfur species (dimethylsulfide, sulfate, and methanesulfonate) in Antarctica: Inland versus coastal regions, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD009937, 2008.
Rankin, A. M. and Wolff, E. W.: Aerosol Profiling Using a Tethered Balloon in Coastal Antarctica, J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 19, 1978–1985, 2002.
Rankin, A. M. and Wolff, E. W.: A year-long record of size-segregated aerosol composition at Halley, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D24), 4775, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003993, 2003.
Rankin, A. M., Auld, V., and Wolff, E. W.: Frost flowers as a source of fractionated sea salt aerosol in the polar regions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3469–3472, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011771, 2000.
Rankin, A. M., Wolff, E. W., and Martin, S.: Frost flowers: Implications for tropospheric chemistry and ice core interpretation, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4683, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002492, 2002.
Read, K. A., Lewis, A. C., Bauguitte, S., Rankin, A. M., Salmon, R. A., Wolff, E. W., Saiz-Lopez, A., Bloss, W. J., Heard, D. E., Lee, J. D., and Plane, J. M. C.: DMS and MSA measurements in the Antarctic Boundary Layer: impact of BrO on MSA production, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2985-2997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2985-2008, 2008.
Sato, K. and Hirasawa, N.: Statistics of Antarctic surface meteorology based on hourly data in 1957–2007 at Syowa Station, Polar Sci., 1, 1–15, 2007.
Savoie, D. L., Prospero, J. M., Larsen, R. J., and Saltzman, E. S.: Nitrogen and sulfur species in aerosols at Mawson, Antarctica, and their relationship to natural radionuclides, J. Atmos. Chem., 14, 181–204, 1992.
Savoie, D. L., Prospero, J. M., Larsen, R. J., Huang, F., Izaguirre, M. A., Huang, T., Snowdon, T. H., Custals, L., and Sanderson, C. G.: Nitrogen and sulfur species in Antarctic aerosols at Mawson, Palmer Station, and Marsh (King George Island), J. Atmos. Chem., 17, 95–122, 1993.
Shaw, G. E.: Antarctic aerosols: A review, Rev. Geophys., 26(1), 89–112, https://doi.org/10.1029/RG026i001p00089, 1988.
Stohl, A. and Sodemann, H.: Characteristics of atmospheric transport into the Antarctic troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D02305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012536, 2010.
Suzuki, K., Yamanouchi, T., Hirasawa, N., and Yasunari, T.: Seasonal variations of air transport in the Antarctic and Atmospheric Circulation in 1997, Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., 18, 96–113, 2004.
Teinilä, K., Kerminen, V.-M., and Hillamo, R.: A study of size-segregated aerosol chemistry in the Antarctic atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 3893–3904, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901033, 2000.
Udisti, R., Dayan, U., Becagli, S., Busetto, M., Frosini, D., Legrand, M., Lucarelli, F., Preunkert, S., Severi, M., Traversi, R., and Vitale, V.: Sea spray aerosol in central Antarctica. Present atmospheric behaviour and implications for paleoclimatic reconstructions, Atmos. Environ., 52, 109–120, 2012.
von Glasow, R. and Sander, R.: Variation of sea-salt aerosol pH with relative humidity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 247–250, 2001.
Wada, M., Ihara, T., and Shiba, H.: Aerological and aerosol observations in the lower atmosphere using aircraft by the 41st Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 2000–2001, Antarctic Rec., 45, 257–278, 2001 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Wagenbach, D.: Coastal Antarctica: Atmospheric chemical composition and atmospheric transport, in Chemical Exchange Between the Atmosphere and Snow, edited by Wolff, E. W. and Bales, R. C., NATO ASI Ser., Ser., 1, 173–199, 1996.
Wagenbach, D., Ducroz, F., Mulvaney, R., Keck, L., Minikin, A., Legrand, M. J., Hall, S., and Wolff, E. W.: Sea-salt aerosol in coastal Antarctic regions, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 10961–10974, 1998.
Warneke, C., Froyd, K. D., Brioude, J., Bahreini, R., Brock, C. A., Cozic, J., de Gouw, J. A., Fahey, D. W., Ferrare, R., Holloway, J. S., Middlebrook, A. M., Miller, L., Montzka, S., Schwarz, J. P., Sodemann, H., Spackman, J. R., and Stohl, A.: An important contribution to springtime Arctic aerosol from biomass burning in Russia, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L01801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL041816, 2010.
Weller, R. and Wagenbach, D.: Year-round chemical aerosol records in continental Antarctica obtained by automatic samplings, Tellus, 59B, 755–765, 2007.
Weller, R., Wöltjen, J., Piel, C., Resenberg, R., Wagenbach, D., König-Langlo, G., Kriews, M.: Seasonal variability of crustal and marine trace elements in the aerosol at Neumayer Station, Antarctica, Tellus, 60B, 742–752, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00372.x, 2008.
Weller, R., Minikin, A., Wagenbach, D., and Dreiling, V.: Characterization of the interannual, seasonal, and diurnal variations of condensation particle concentrations at Neumayer, Antarctica, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 13243–13257, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-13243-2011, 2011.
Wilson, T. R.: Salinity and the major elements of sea-water, in Chemical Oceanography, edited by J. P. Riley and G. Skirrow, 365–413, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, 1975.
Wolff, E. W., Fischer, H., Fundel, F., Ruth, U., Twarloh, B., Littot, G. C., Mulvaney, R., Röthlisberger, R., de Angelis, M., Boutron, C. F., Hansson, M., Jonsell, U., Hutterli, M. A., Lambert, F., Kaufmann, P., Stauffer, B., Stocker, T. F., Steffensen, J. P., Bigler, M., Siggaard-Andersen, M. L., Udisti, R., Becagli, S., Castellano, E., Severi, M., Wagenbach, D., Barbante, C., Gabrielli, P., and Gaspari, V.: Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles, Nature, 440, 491–496, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04614, 2006.
Wouters, L., Artaxo, P., and van Grieken, R.: Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis of Individual Antarctic Aerosol Particles, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 38, 427–438, 1990.
Yamanouchi, T., Wada, M., Fukatsu, T., Hayashi, M., Osada, K., Nagatani, M., Nakata, A., and Iwasaka, Y.: Airborne observation of water vapor and aerosols along Mizuho route, Antarctica, Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., 13, 22–37, 1999.
Yamato, M., Iwasaka, Y., Ono, A., and Yoshida, M.: On the sulfate particles in the submicron size range collected at Mizuho Station and in east Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., 1, 82–90, 1987.
Yamazaki, K., Okada, K., and Iwasaka, Y.: Where Do Aerosol Particles in the Antarctic Upper Troposphere Come From? – A Case Study in January 1983, J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn., 67, 889–906, 1989.
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint