<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/inc/acp/copernicus.dtd">
<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.atmos-chem-phys.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1680-7316</issn>
		<eissn>1680-7324</eissn>
		<volume_number>9</volume_number>
		<issue_number>3</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2009</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/acp-9-831-2009</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/831/2009/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/831/2009/acp-9-831-2009.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/831/2009/acp-9-831-2009.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>831</start_page>
	<end_page>848</end_page>
	<publication_date>2009-02-03</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">A global stratospheric bromine monoxide climatology based on the BASCOE chemical transport model</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>N. Theys</name>
			<email>theys@aeronomie.be</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="1">
			<name>M. Van Roozendael</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="3" affiliations="1">
			<name>Q. Errera</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="4" affiliations="1">
			<name>F. Hendrick</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="5" affiliations="1">
			<name>F. Daerden</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="6" affiliations="1">
			<name>S. Chabrillat</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="7" affiliations="2">
			<name>M. Dorf</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="8" affiliations="2">
			<name>K. Pfeilsticker</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="9" affiliations="3">
			<name>A. Rozanov</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="10" affiliations="3">
			<name>W. Lotz</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="11" affiliations="3">
			<name>J. P. Burrows</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="12" affiliations="1">
			<name>J.-C. Lambert</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="13" affiliations="4">
			<name>F. Goutail</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="14" affiliations="5">
			<name>H. K. Roscoe</name>
		</author>
		<author numeration="15" affiliations="1">
			<name>M. De Mazière</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">Belgium Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA), Brussels, Belgium</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="2" content_type="html">Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="3" content_type="html">Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="4" content_type="html">Service d&apos;Aéronomie, Verrières-le-Buisson, France</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="5" content_type="html">British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">A new climatology of stratospheric BrO profiles based on a parameterization
using dynamical and chemical indicators has been developed, with the aim to
apply it to the retrieval of tropospheric BrO columns from space nadir
measurements. The adopted parameterization is based on three years of output
data from the 3-D chemistry transport model BASCOE. The impact of the
atmospheric dynamics on the stratospheric BrO distribution is treated by
means of Br&lt;sub&gt;y&lt;/sub&gt;/ozone correlations built from 3-D-CTM model results, while
photochemical effects are taken into account using stratospheric NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
columns as an indicator of the BrO/Br&lt;sub&gt;y&lt;/sub&gt; ratio. The model simulations
have been optimized for bromine chemistry and budget, and validated through
comparisons using an extensive data set of ground-based, balloon-borne and
satellite limb (SCIAMACHY) stratospheric BrO observations.</abstract>
	<references>
		<reference numeration="1" content_type="text"> Aliwell, S. R., Van Roozendael, M., Johnston, P. V., Richter, A., Wagner, T., et al.: Analysis for BrO in zenith-sky spectra: An intercomparison exercise for analysis improvement, J. Geophys. Res., 107, D140, doi:10.1029/2001JD000329, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="2" content_type="text"> Bingen, C., Fussen, D., and Vanhellemont, F.: A global climatology of stratospheric aerosol size distribution parameters derived from SAGE II data over the period 1984-2000: 1. Methodology and climatological observations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D06201, doi:10.1029/2003JD003518, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="3" content_type="text"> Bobrowski, N., Höninger, G., Galle, B., and Platt, U.: Detection of bromine monoxide in a volcanic plume, Nature, 423, 273–276, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="4" content_type="text"> Boersma, K. F., Eskes, H. J., and Brinksma, E. J.: Error analysis for tropospheric NO$_2 $retrieval from space, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D04311, doi:10.1029/2003JD003962, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="5" content_type="text"> Bovensmann, H., Burrows, J. P., Buchwitz, M., Frerick, J., No\&quot;el, S., Rozanov, V. V., Chance, K.V., Goede, A. P. H., SCIAMACHY: Mission objectives and Measurement Modes, J. Atm. Sci., 56, 127–150, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="6" content_type="text"> Bracher, A., Amekudzi, L., Bramstedt, K., Eichmann, K.-U., Rozanov, A., von Savigny, C., and Burrows, J. P.: Global and Validation of SCIAMACHY O3 and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; profiles from OL3.0 and IUP/IFE retrieval with collocated measurements from ACE-FTS, GOMOS, HALOE, MIPAS, POAM III and SAGE II, in: Proceedings of the ENVISAT Symposium 2007, 23–27 April 2007, Montreux, Switzerland, ESA Publications Division, Nordwijk, The Netherlands, SP-636, 463472br.pdf, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="7" content_type="text"> Butler, J. H., King, D. B., Lobert, J. M., Montzka, S. A., Yvon-Lewis, S. A., Hall, B. D., Warwick, N. J., Mondeel, D. J., Aydin, M., and Elkins, J. W.: Oceanic distributions and emissions of short-lived halocarbons, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 21, GB1023, doi:10.1029/2006GB002732, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="8" content_type="text"> Butz, A, Bösch, H., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfield, M., Dorf, M., Dufour, G., Grunow, K., Jeseck, P., Kühl, S., Payan, S., Pepin, I., Pukite, J., Rozanov, A., von Savigny, C., Sioris, C., Wagner, T., Weidner, F., and Pfeilsticker, K.: Inter-comparison of stratospheric O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; abundances retrieved from balloon borne direct sun observations and Envisat/SCIAMACHY limb measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1293–1314, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="9" content_type="text"> Carpenter, L. J. and Liss, P. S.: On temperature sources of bromoform and other reactive organic bromine gases, J. Geophys. Res. D., 105(D16), 20539–20547, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="10" content_type="text"> Chance, K.: Analysis of BrO measurements from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3335–3338, 1998. </reference>
		<reference numeration="11" content_type="text"> Daerden, F., Larsen, N., Chabrillat, S., Errera, Q., Bonjean, S., Fonteyn, D., Hoppel, K., and Fromm, M.: A 3-D-CTM with detailed online PSC-microphysics~: analysis of the Antarctic winter 2003 by comparison with satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1755–1772, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="12" content_type="text"> Dorf, M., Bösch, H., Butz, A., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfield, M., Engel, A., Goutail, F., Grunow, K., Hendrick, F., Hrechanyy, S., Naujokat, B., Pommereau, J.-P., Van Roozendael, M., Sioris, C., Stroh, F., Weidner, F., and Pfeilsticker, K.: Balloon-borne stratospheric BrO measurements: Intercomparisons with ENVISAT/SCIAMACHY BrO limb profiles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 2483–2501, 2006a. </reference>
		<reference numeration="13" content_type="text"> Dorf, M., Butler, J. H., Butz, A. , Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfield, M. P., Kritten, L., Montzka, S. A., Simmes, B., Weidner, F., and Pfeilsticker,K.: Long-term observations of stratospheric bromine reveal slow down in growth, Geophys. Res, Lett., 33, L24803, doi:10.1029/2006GL027714 2006b. </reference>
		<reference numeration="14" content_type="text"> Dorf, M., Butz, A., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfield, M. P., Kritten, L., and Pfeilsticker, K.: Bromine in the tropical troposphere and stratosphere as derived from balloon-borne BrO observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 7265–7271, 2008. </reference>
		<reference numeration="15" content_type="text"> Errera, Q. and Fonteyn, D.: Four-dimensional variational chemical assimilation of CRISTA stratospheric measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 12253–12265, 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="16" content_type="text"> Errera, Q., Daerden, F., Chabrillat, S., Lambert, J.C., Lahoz, W.A., Viscardy, S., Bonjean, S., and Fonteyn, D.: 4D-Var Assimilation of MIPAS Chemical Observations: Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide Analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6169-6187, 2008. </reference>
		<reference numeration="17" content_type="text"> Feng, W., Chipperfield, M. P., Dorf, M., Pfeilsticker, K., and Ricaud, P.: Mid-latitude ozone changes: studies with a 3-D CTM forced by ERA-40 analyses, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2357–2369, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="18" content_type="text"> Fitzenberger, R., Bösch, R., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfiel, M. P.,Harder, H., Platt, U., Sinnhuber, B.-M., Wagner, T., and Pfeilsticker, K.: First profile measurements of tropospheric BrO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2921–2924, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="19" content_type="text"> Frie$ß$, U., Hollwedel, J., König-Langlo, G., Wagner, T., and Platt, U.: Dynamics and chemistry of tropospheric bromine explosion events in the Antarctic coastal region, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D06305, doi:10.1029/2003JD004133, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="20" content_type="text"> Fromm, M., Alfred, J., and Pitts, M.: A unified, long-term, highlatitude stratospheric aerosol and cloud database using SAM II, SAGE II, and POAM II/III data: Algorithm description, database definition, and climatology, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D12), 4366, doi:10.1029/2002JD002772, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="21" content_type="text"> Geer, A. J., Lahoz, W. A., Bekki, S., Bormann, N., Errera, Q., Eskes, H. J., Fonteyn, D., Jackson, D. R., Juckes, M. N., Massart, S., Peuch, V.-H., Rharmili, S., and Segers, A.: The ASSET intercomparison of ozone analysis: method and first results, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5445–5474, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="22" content_type="text"> Harder, H., Camy-Peyret, C., Ferlemann, F., Fitzenberger, R., Hawat, T., Osterkamp, H., Perner, D., Platt, U., Schneider, M., Vradelis, P., and Pfeilsticker, K.: Stratospheric BrO Profiles Measured at Different Latitudes and Seasons: Atmospheric Observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3843–3846, 1998. </reference>
		<reference numeration="23" content_type="text"> Harder, H., Bösch, H., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfield, M., Fitzenberger, R., Payan, S., Perner, D., Platt, U., Sinnhuber,B., and Pfeilsticker, K.: Comparison of measured and modeled stratospheric BrO: Implications for the total amount of stratospheric bromine, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3695–3698, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="24" content_type="text"> Hausmann, M. and Platt, U.: Spectroscopic measurement of bromine oxide and ozone in the high Arctic during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25399–25414, 1994. </reference>
		<reference numeration="25" content_type="text"> Hebestreit, K., Stutz, J., Rosen, D., Matveiv, V., Peleg, M., Luria, M., and Platt, U.: DOAS measurements of tropospheric bromine oxide in mid-latitudes, Science, 283, 55–57, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="26" content_type="text"> Hendrick, F., Van Roozendael, M., Chipperfield, M. P., Dorf, M., Goutail, F., Yang, X., Fayt, C., Hermans, C., Pfeilsticker, K., Pommereau, J.-P., Pyle, J. A., Theys, N., and De Mazière, M.: Retrieval of stratospheric and tropospheric BrO profiles and columns using ground-based zenith-sky DOAS observations at Harestua, 60&amp;deg; N, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4869–4885, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="27" content_type="text"> Hendrick, F., Johnston, P. V., De Mazière, M., Fayt, C., Hermans, C., Kreher, K., Theys, N., and Van Roozendael, M.: One-decade trend analysis of stratospheric BrO over Harestua (60&amp;deg; N) and Lauder (45&amp;deg; S) reveals a decline, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L14801, doi:10.1029/2008GL034154, 2008a. </reference>
		<reference numeration="28" content_type="text"> Hendrick, F., Rozanov, A., Johnston, P. V., Bovensmann, H., De Mazière, M., Fayt, C., Hermans, C., Kreher, K., Lotz, W., Theys, N., Burrows, J. P., and Van Roozendael, M.: Multi-year comparison of stratospheric BrO vertical profiles retrieved from SCIAMACHY limb and ground-based UV-visible measurements, accepted for publication in Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 2008b. </reference>
		<reference numeration="29" content_type="text"> Holton, J. R., Haynes, P. H., McIntyre, M. E., Douglass, A. R., Rood, R. B., and Pfister, L.: Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange, Rev. Geophys., 33(4), 403-439, 1995. </reference>
		<reference numeration="30" content_type="text"> Hönninger, G. and Platt, U.: Observations of BrO and its vertical distribution during surface ozone depletion at Alert, Atmos. Environ., 36, 2481-2489, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="31" content_type="text"> Koike, M., Kondo, Y., Matthews, W. A., Johnston, P. V., et al.: Assessment of the uncertainties in the NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; measurements by visible spectrometers, J. Atm. Chem., 32, 121–145, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="32" content_type="text"> Kovalenko, L. J., Livesey, N. L., Salawitch, R. J., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperlfield, M. P., Cofield, R. E., Dorf, M., Drouin, B. J., Froidevaux, L., Fuller, R. A., Goutail, F., Jarnot, R. F., Jucks, K., Knosp, B. W., Lambert, A., MacKenzie, I. A., Pfeilsticker, K., Pommereau, J.-P., Read, W. G., Santee, M. L., Schwartz, M. J., Snyder, W. V., Stachnik, R., Stek, P. C., Wagner, P. A., and Waters, J. W.: Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder BrO observations in the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S41, doi:10.1029/2007JD008817, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="33" content_type="text"> Kreher, K., Johnston, P. V., Wood, S. W., Nardi, B., and Platt, U.: Ground-based measurements of tropospheric and stratospheric BrO at Arrival Heights, Antartica, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 3021–3024, 1997. </reference>
		<reference numeration="34" content_type="text"> Lambert, J.-C., Van Roozendael, M., De Mazière, M., Simon, P. C., Pommereau, J.-P., Goutail, F., Sarkissian, A., and Gleason~, J. F : Investigation of pole-to-pole performances of spaceborne atmospheric chemistry sensors with the NDSC, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 176–193, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="35" content_type="text"> Lary, D. J.: Gas phase atmospheric bromine photochemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1505–1516, 1996. </reference>
		<reference numeration="36" content_type="text"> Lary, D. J., Chipperfield, M. P., Toumi, R., and Lenton, T.: Heterogeneous atmospheric bromine photochemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1489–1504, 1996. </reference>
		<reference numeration="37" content_type="text"> Lary, D. J.: Halogens and the chemistry of the free troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 227–237, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="38" content_type="text"> Leser, H., Höninger, G., and Platt, U.: Max-DOAS measurements of BrO and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the marine boundary layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1537, doi:10.1029/2002GL015811, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="39" content_type="text"> Logan, J. A.: An analysis of ozonesonde data for the troposphere: Recommendation for testing 3-D models and development of a gridded climatology for tropospheric ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 16115–16149, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="40" content_type="text"> McElroy, M. B., Salawitch, R. J., Wofsy, S. C., and Logan, J. A.: Reductions of Antarctic ozone due to synergistic interactions of chlorine and bromine, Nature, 321, 759–762, 1986. </reference>
		<reference numeration="41" content_type="text"> Montzka, S. A., Butler, J. H., Hall, B. D., Mondeel, D. J., and Elkins, J. W.: A decline in tropospheric organic bromine, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(15), 1826, doi:10.1029/2003GL017745, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="42" content_type="text"> Pfeilsticker, K., Sturges, W.T., Bösch, H., Camy-Peyret, C., Chipperfield, M. P., Engel, A., Fitzenberger, R., Müller, M., Payan, S., and Sinnhuber, B.-M.: Lower stratospheric organic and inorganic bromine budget for the arctic winter 1998/99, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3305-3308, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="43" content_type="text"> Platt, U. and Stutz, J.: Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS), Principle and Applications, ISBN-3-340-21193-4, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="44" content_type="text"> Pundt, I., Pommereau, J.-P., Chipperfield, M. P., Van Roozendael, M., and Goutail, F.: Climatology of the stratospheric BrO vertical distribution by balloon-borne UV-visible spectrometry, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D24), 4806, doi:10.1029/2002JD002230, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="45" content_type="text"> Quack, B., Atlas, E., Petrick, G., Stroud, V., Schauffler, S., and Wallace, D. W. R.: Oceanic bromoform sources for the tropical atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L23S05, doi:10.1029/2004GL020597, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="46" content_type="text"> Richter, A., Wittrock, F., Ladstätter-Weissenmayer, A., and Burrows, J. P.: GOME measurements of stratospheric and tropospheric BrO, Adv. Space Res., 29, 1667–1672, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="47" content_type="text"> Rodgers, C. D.: Inverse Methods for Atmospheric Sounding, Theory and Practice, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore-New-Jersey-London-Hong Kong, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="48" content_type="text"> Roscoe, H. K., Johnston, P. V., Van Roozendael, M., Richter, A., et al.: Slant column measurements of O$_3 $and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; during the NDSC intercomparison of zenith-sky UV-visible spectrometers in June 1996, J. Atmos. Chem., 32, 281–314, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="49" content_type="text"> Roscoe, H. K., Hill, J. G. T., Jones, A. E., and Sarkissian, A.: Improvements of the accuracy of zenith-sky measurements of total ozone by visible spectrometers II: use of daily air-mass factors, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. 68, 327–336, 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="50" content_type="text"> Rozanov, A., Bovensmann, H., Bracher, A., Hrechanyy, S., Rozanov, V., Sinnhuber, M., Stroh, F., and Burrows, J. P.: NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and BrO vertical profile retrieval from SCIAMACHY limb measurements: Sensitivity studies, Adv. Space Res., 36(5), 846–854, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.013, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="51" content_type="text"> Salawitch, R. J., Weisenstein, D. K., Kovalenko, L. J., Sioris, C. E., Wennberg, P. O., Chance, K., Ko, M. K. W., and McLinden, C. A.: Sensitivity of ozone to bromine in the lower stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L05811, doi:10.1029/2004GL021504, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="52" content_type="text"> Salawitch R. J.: Atmospheric chemistry: biogenic bromine, Nature, 439, 275–277, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="53" content_type="text"> Sander, S. P., Friedl, R. R., Golden, D. M., Kurylo, M. J., Huie, R. E., Orkin, V. L., Moortgaat, G. K., Ravishankara, A. R., Kolb, C. E., and Molina, M. J.: Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Atmospheric Studies. Evaluation Number 14: update of key reactions, Tech. rep., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="54" content_type="text"> Sander, S. P., Friedl, R. R., Ravishankara, A. R., et al.: Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Atmospheric Studies, Evaluation Number 15: update of key reactions, Tech. rep., Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="55" content_type="text"> Schofield, R., Kreher, K., Connor, B. J., Johnston, P. V., Thomas, A., Shooter, D., Chipperfield, M. P., Rodgers, C. D., and Mount, G. H.: Retrieved tropospheric and stratospheric BrO columns over Lauder, New Zealand., J. Geophys. Res., 109, D14304, doi:10.1029/2003JD004463, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="56" content_type="text"> Schofield, R., Johnston, P. V., Thomas, A., Kreher, K., Connor, B. J., Wood, S., Shooter, D., Chipperfield, M. P., Richter, A., von Glasow, R., and Rodgers, C. D.: Tropospheric and stratospheric BrO columns over Arrival Heights, Antartica, 2002, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D22310, doi:10.1029/2005JD007022, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="57" content_type="text"> Sheode, N., Sinnhuber, B.-M., Rozanov, A., and Burrows, J P.: Towards a climatology of stratospheric bromine monoxide from SCIAMACHY limb observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 6, 6431–6466, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="58" content_type="text"> Simpson, W. R., von Glasow, R., Riedel, K., Anderson, P., Ariya, P., Bottenheim, J., Burrows, J., Carpenter, L., Frie$\beta $, U., Goodsite, M.E., Heard, D., Hutterli, M., Jacobi, H.-W., Kaleschke, L., Neff, B., Plane, J., Platt, U., Richter, A., Roscoe, H., Sander, R., Shepson, P., Sodeau, J., Steffen, A., Wagner, T., and Wolff, E.: Halogens and their role in polar boundary-layer ozone depletion, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4375–4418, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="59" content_type="text"> Sinnhuber, B.-M., Arlander, D. W., Bovensmann, H., et al.: Comparison of measurements and model calculations of stratospheric bromine monoxide, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D19), 4398, doi:10.1029//2001JD000940, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="60" content_type="text"> Sinnhuber, B.-M., Rozanov, A., Sheode, N., Afe, O. T., Richter, A., Sinnhuber, M., Wittrock, F., Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., Linden, A., and Burrows, J.P.: Global observations of stratospheric bromine monoxide from SCIAMACHY, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L20810, doi:10.1029/2005GL023839, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="61" content_type="text"> Sinnhuber, B.-M. and Folkins, I.: Estimating the contribution of bromoform to stratospheric bromine and its relation to dehydration in the tropical tropopause layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4755–4761, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="62" content_type="text"> Sioris, C. E., Kovalenko, L.J., McLinden, C. A., Salawitch, R. J., Van Roozendael, M., Goutail, F., Dorf, M., Pfeilsticker, K., Chance, K., von Savigny, C., Liu, X., Kurosu, T. P., Pommereau, J.-P., Bösch, H., and Frerick, J.: Latitudinal and vertical distribution of bromine monoxide in the lower stratosphere from Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atomspheric Chartography limb scattering measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D14301, doi:10.1029/2005JD006479, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="63" content_type="text"> Soller, R., Nicovich, J. M., and Wine, P. H.: Temperature-dependent rate coefficients for the reactions of Br(&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;P$_3/2$), Cl(&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;P$_3/2$), and O(&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;PJ) with BrONO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 1416-1422, 2001. </reference>
		<reference numeration="64" content_type="text"> Solomon, S.: Stratospheric ozone depletion, A review of concepts and history, Rev. Geophys., 37(3), 275-316,1999RG900008, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="65" content_type="text"> Theys, N., Van Roozendael, M., Hendrick, F., Fayt, C., Hermans, C., Baray, J.-L., Goutail, F., Pommereau, J.-P., and De Mazière, M.: Retrieval of stratospheric and tropospheric BrO columns from multi-axis DOAS measurements at Reunion Island (21&amp;deg; S, 56&amp;deg; E), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4733–4749, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="66" content_type="text"> Vandaele, A.-C., Fayt, C., Hendrick, F., Hermans, C., Humbled, F., et al.: An intercomparison campaign of ground-based UV-visible measurements of NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, BrO and OClO slant columns: Methods of analysis and results for NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D08305, doi:10.1029/2004JD005423, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="67" content_type="text"> Van Roozendael, M., Wagner, T., Richter, A., Pundt, I., Arlander, D., Burrows, J. P., Chipperfield, M., Fayt, C., Johnston, P. V., Lambert, J.-C., Kreher, K., Pfeilsticker, K., Platt, U., Pommereau, J.-P., Sinnhuber, B.-M., Tornkvist, K. K., and Wittrock, F.: Intercomparison of BrO measurements from ERS-2 GOME, ground-based and balloon platforms, Adv. Space Res., 29, 1661-1666, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="68" content_type="text"> Vigouroux, C., De Mazière, M., Errera, Q., Chabrillat, S., Mahieu, E., Duchatelet, P., Wood, S., Smale, D., Mikuteit, S., Blumenstock, T., Hase, F., and Jones, N.: Comparisons between ground-based FTIR and MIPAS N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; profiles before and after assimilation in BASCOE, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 377-396, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="69" content_type="text"> von Glasow, R., R. von Kuhlmann, M. G. Lawrence, U. Platt, and P. J. Crutzen: Impact of reactive bromine chemistry in the troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2481–2497, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="70" content_type="text"> Wagner, T. and Platt, U.: Satellite mapping of enhanced BrO concentrations in the troposphere, Nature, 395, 486–490, 1998. </reference>
		<reference numeration="71" content_type="text"> Wilmouth, D. M., Hanisco, T. F., Donahue, N. M., and Anderson, J.G.: Fourier transform ultraviolet spectroscopy of the A$^2\Pi_3/2\leftarrow$ X$^2\Pi_3/2$ transition of BrO, J. Phys. Chem. A., 103, 8935–8945, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="72" content_type="text"> World Meteorological Organization (WMO): Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006, Global ozone research and monitoring project, Chapter 2: Halogenated Very Short-Lived Substances, Rep. 50, Geneva, Switzerland, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="73" content_type="text"> Yang, X., Cox, R. A., Warwick, N. J., Pyle, J. A., Carver, G. D., O&apos;Connor, F. M., and Savage, N. H.: Tropospheric bromine chemistry and its impact on ozone: A model study, J., Geophys. Res., 110, D23311, doi:10.1029/2005JD006244, 2005. </reference>
	</references>
</article>

