ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-9-8211-2009 Direct measurements of the effect of biomass burning over the Amazon on the atmospheric temperature profile Davidi A. 1 Koren I. 1 Remer L. 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA 03 11 2009 9 21 8211 8221 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/8211/2009/acp-9-8211-2009.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/8211/2009/acp-9-8211-2009.pdf

Aerosols suspended in the atmosphere interact with solar radiation and clouds, thus change the radiation energy fluxes in the atmospheric column. In this paper we measure changes in the atmospheric temperature profile as a function of the smoke loading and the cloudiness, over the Amazon basin, during the dry seasons (August and September) of 2005–2008. We show that as the aerosol optical depth (AOD) increases from 0.02 to a value of ~0.6, there is a decrease of ~4°C at 1000 hPa, and an increase of ~1.5°C at 850 hPa. The warming of the aerosol layer at 850 hPa is likely due to aerosol absorption when the particles are exposed to direct illumination by the sun. The large values of cooling in the lower layers could be explained by a combination of aerosol extinction of the solar flux in the layers aloft together with an aerosol-induced increase of cloud cover which shade the lower atmosphere. We estimate that the increase in cloud fraction due to aerosol contributes about half of the observed cooling in the lower layers.

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