Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics www.atmos-chem-phys.net 1680-7316 1680-7324 9 19 2009 10.5194/acp-9-7491-2009 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/7491/2009/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/7491/2009/acp-9-7491-2009.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/7491/2009/acp-9-7491-2009.pdf 7491 7504 2009-10-07 Vehicular emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a tunnel study in Hong Kong K. F. Ho S. C. Lee ceslee@polyu.edu.hk W. K. Ho D. R. Blake Y. Cheng Y. S. Li S. S. H. Ho K. Fung P. K. K. Louie D. Park Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Research Center for Environmental Technology and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, China Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, USA AtmAA Inc., 23917 Craftsman Road, Calabasas, CA 91302, USA Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, 47/F, Revenue Tower, 5 Gloucester Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong, China Railroad Environment~Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea Vehicle emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined at the Shing Mun Tunnel, Hong Kong in summer and winter of 2003. One hundred and ten VOCs were quantified in this study. The average concentration of the total measured VOCs at the inlet and outlet of the tunnel were 81 250 pptv and 117 850 pptv, respectively. Among the 110 compounds, ethene, ethyne and toluene were the most abundant species in the tunnel. The total measured VOC emission factors ranged from 67 mg veh−1 km−1 to 148 mg veh−1 km−1, with an average of 115 mg veh−1 km−1. The five most abundant VOCs observed in the tunnel were, in decreasing order, ethene, toluene, n-butane, propane and i-pentane. These five most abundant species contributed over 38% of the total measured VOCs emitted. The high propane and n-butane emissions were found to be associated with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-fueled taxis. Fair correlations were observed between marker species (ethene, i-pentane, n-nonane, and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes – BTEX) with fractions of gasoline-fueled or diesel-fueled vehicles. Moreover, ethene, ethyne, and propene are the key species that were abundant in the tunnel but not in gasoline vapors or LPG. 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