ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-9-6363-2009 The simulation of the Antarctic ozone hole by chemistry-climate models Struthers H. 1 11 Bodeker G. E. 1 Austin J. 2 Bekki S. 3 Cionni I. 1 Dameris M. 4 Giorgetta M. A. 5 Grewe V. 4 Lefèvre F. 3 Lott F. 6 Manzini E. 7 8 Peter T. 9 Rozanov E. 9 10 Schraner M. 9 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Lauder, New Zealand Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Service d'Aeronomie du CNRS, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, France Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany Max Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, Germany Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, Paris, France Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per i Cambiamenti Climatici, Bologna, Italy Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH, Zurich, Switzerland PMOD/WRC, Dorfstrasse 33, 7260, Davos Dorf, Switzerland now at: the Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Sweden 03 09 2009 9 17 6363 6376 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/6363/2009/acp-9-6363-2009.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/6363/2009/acp-9-6363-2009.pdf

While chemistry-climate models are able to reproduce many characteristics of the global total column ozone field and its long-term evolution, they have fared less well in simulating the commonly used diagnostic of the area of the Antarctic ozone hole i.e. the area within the 220 Dobson Unit (DU) contour. Two possible reasons for this are: (1) the underlying Global Climate Model (GCM) does not correctly simulate the size of the polar vortex, and (2) the stratospheric chemistry scheme incorporated into the GCM, and/or the model dynamics, results in systematic biases in the total column ozone fields such that the 220 DU contour is no longer appropriate for delineating the edge of the ozone hole. Both causes are examined here with a view to developing ozone hole area diagnostics that better suit measurement-model inter-comparisons. The interplay between the shape of the meridional mixing barrier at the edge of the vortex and the meridional gradients in total column ozone across the vortex edge is investigated in measurements and in 5 chemistry-climate models (CCMs). Analysis of the simulation of the polar vortex in the CCMs shows that the first of the two possible causes does play a role in some models. This in turn affects the ability of the models to simulate the large observed meridional gradients in total column ozone. The second of the two causes also strongly affects the ability of the CCMs to track the observed size of the ozone hole. It is shown that by applying a common algorithm to the CCMs for selecting a delineating threshold unique to each model, a more appropriate diagnostic of ozone hole area can be generated that shows better agreement with that derived from observations.

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