References

ACP

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

ACP

1680-7324

Copernicus GmbH

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/acp-9-3445-2009

Statistical analysis of anthropogenic non-methane VOC variability at a European background location (Jungfraujoch, Switzerland)

Lanz

V. A.

¹ ³ Henne

¹ Staehelin

² Hueglin

¹ Vollmer

M. K.

¹ Steinbacher

¹ Buchmann

¹ Reimann

Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland

Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland

now at: Paul Scherrer Institut, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland

28 05 2009

9 10 3445 3459

This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/3445/2009/acp-9-3445-2009.html

The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/3445/2009/acp-9-3445-2009.pdf

In-situ measurements of 7 volatile hydrocarbons, CxHy, and 3 chlorinated organic compounds, CxHyClz, were performed at Jungfraujoch (Switzerland) during eight years (2000–2007). The analysis of 4-h resolved non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) was achieved by using gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Variabilities in the NMVOC time series dataset were modeled by factor analysis (positive matrix factorization, PMF). Four factors defined the solution space and could be related to NMVOC sources and atmospheric processes. In order to facilitate factor interpretations the retrieved contributions were compared with independent measurements, such as trace gases (NOx, CO, and CH4) and back trajectories. The most dominant factor (accounting on average for ~42% of the total mixing ratio of the considered NMVOCs) was found to be most active in winter, co-varying with CO and CH4 and could be related to aged combustive emissions as well as natural gas distribution. The other three factors represent both industrial and evaporative sources. Trajectory statistics suggest that the most influential anthropogenic NMVOC sources for Jungfraujoch are located in Eastern Europe, but the Po Valley has been identified as a potential source region for specific industrial sources as well. Aging of the arriving NMVOCs, the derived factors as well as limitations of the methods are discussed. This is the first report of a PMF application on NMVOC data from a background mountain site.

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