References

ACP

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

ACP

1680-7324

Copernicus GmbH

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/acp-9-261-2009

Properties of aerosols and their wet deposition in the arctic spring during ASTAR2004 at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard

Yamagata

¹ Kobayashi

¹ Ohta

¹ Murao

¹ Shiobara

² Wada

² Yabuki

² Konishi

³ Yamanouchi

Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan

Osaka Kyoiku University, Osaka, Japan

14 01 2009

9 1 261 270

This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/261/2009/acp-9-261-2009.html

The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/9/261/2009/acp-9-261-2009.pdf

During the period of scientific campaign "Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosols, Clouds and Radiation 2004" (ASTAR2004), precipitation samples were collected in late spring at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard and their ionic components were analyzed in parallel with the measurement of properties of atmospheric aerosol particles at the same place. Backward trajectory analyses indicated that the air mass above the observatory initially dominated by air masses from the Arctic Ocean, then those from western Siberia and later those from Greenland and the Arctic Ocean. In the measurement period, six precipitation samples were obtained and five of them were analyzed their ionic components by ionchromatography. The concentrations of nss-sulphate in precipitations were between 1.8 and 24.6 ppm from which the scavenging ratio and scavenging coefficients were calculated using the data such as the concentrations of nss-sulphate in aerosol particles, amounts of precipitations, and the heights of precipitations obtained from radar echo data. The scavenging ratio ranged from 1.0×106 to 17×106 which are comparable values reported in other areas. A detailed comparison between precipitation events and the number concentration of aerosol particles obtained from optical particle counters suggests that the type of precipitations, i.e. rain or snow, significantly affects the number concentrations of aerosol particles.

References 1

% vor jede Referenz Covert, D. and Heingtzenberg, J.: Size distributions and chemical properties of aerosol at NyAlesund, Svalbard, Atmos. Environ., 27A, 2989–2997, 1993.

% vor jede Referenz Chate, D. M., Ali, K., Momin, G. A., Rao, P. S. P., Praveen, P. S., Safai, P. D., and Devara, P. C. S.: Scavenging of sea-salt aerosols by rain events over Arabian Sea during ARMEX, Atmos. Environ., 41, 6739–6744, 2007.

% vor jede Referenz Davis, W. E., Thorp, J. M., and Lee, R. N.: Variability of SO$_4^2-$, Total Sulfate, NO$_3^-$, and Total Nitrate Scavenging Ratios for the Frontal Boundary Study, J. Appl. Meteorol., 36, 792–800, 1997.

% vor jede Referenz Engvall, A.-C., Krejci, R., Ström, J., Treffeisen, R., Scheele, R., Hermansen, O., and Paatero, J.: Changes in aerosol properties during spring-summer period in the Arctic troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 445–462, 2008.

% vor jede Referenz Heintzenberg, J., Hansson, H.-C., and Lannefors, H.: The chemical composition of arctic hazeat Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen, Tellus, 33, 162–171, 1981.

% vor jede Referenz Heintzenberg, J., Tuch, T., Wehner, B., Wiedensohler, A., Wex, H., Ansmann, A., Mattis, I., Mueller, D., Wendisch, M., Eckhardt, S., and Stohl, A.: Arctic haze over Central Europe, Tellus, 55B, 796–807, 2003.

% vor jede Referenz Herber, A., Thomason, L. W., Gernandt, H., Leiterer, U., Nagel, D., Schulz, K.-H., Kaptur, J., Albrecht, T., and Notholt, J.: Continuous day and night aerosol optical depth observations in the arctic between 1991 and 1999, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D10), 4097–4109, doi:10.1029/2001JD000536, 2002.

% vor jede Referenz Kasper-Giebl, A., Kalina, M. F., and Puxbaum, H.: Scavenging ratios for sulfate, ammonium and nitrate determined at Mt. Sonnblick (3106 m a.s.l.), Atmos. Environ., 33, 895–906, 1999.

% vor jede Referenz Konishi, H. and Wada, M.: Seasonal variation of clouds and precipitation at Ny-Alesund, arctic, in: Preceeding 28th Symp. Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., Tokyo, Japan, 73–74, 30 November–1 December 2005.

% vor jede Referenz Lehrer, E., Wagenbach, D., and Platt, U.: Aerosol chemical composition during tropospheric ozone depletion at NyAlesund/Svalbard, Tellus, 49B, 486–495, 1997.

% vor jede Referenz Murao, N., Kaneyasu, N., Utiyama, M., Sasaki, H., Ohta, S., Yamagata, S., Kondo, H., and Satoh, H.: Accuracy of trajectory calculations for large-scale air pollution in East Asia, J. Global Environ. Eng., 3, 23–35, 1997.

% vor jede Referenz Murakami, M., Kimura, T., Magono, C., and Kikuchi, K.: Observation of Precipitation Scavenging for Water-Soluble Particles, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 61, 346–358, 1983.

% vor jede Referenz Nishita, C., Osada, K., Hara, K., Kido, M., Wada, M., Shibata, T., and Iwasaka, Y.: Number-size distributions of atmospheric aerosol particles (10<Dp<365 um) at Ny-Alesund, Norwegian arctic: Their relationship with air mass history, Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., 15, 67–77, 2001.

% vor jede Referenz Nyeki, S., Coulson, G., Colbeck, I., Eleftheriadis, K., Baltensperger, U., and Beine, H. J.: Overview of aerosol microphysics at arctic sunrise: measurements during the NICE renoxification study, Tellus, 57B, 40–50, 2005.

% vor jede Referenz Ohta, S. and Okita, T.: A chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosol in Sapporo, Atmos. Environ., 24A, 815–822, 1990.

% vor jede Referenz Ohta, S., Fukasawa, T., Muroa, N., and Makarov, V. N.: Summer concentarions of atmospheric pollutants in urban and rural areas of Siberia, J. Global Environ. Eng., 1, 15–26, 1995.

% vor jede Referenz Okita, T., Hara, H., and Fukuzaki, N.: Measurements of atmospheric SO2 and SO$_4^2-$, and determination of the wet scavenging coefficient of sulfate aerosols for the winter monsoon season over the sea of Japan, Atmos. Envion., 30, 3733–3739, 1996.

% vor jede Referenz Quinn, P. K., Andrews, B., Christensen, J., Dutton, E., and Shaw, G.: Acidifying Pollutants, arctic haze, and Acidification in the arctic, NSF 05–39, Arctic Research of the United States, 19, 26–33, 2005.

% vor jede Referenz Shaw, G. E. and Khalil, M. A. K: Arctic haze, in: Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 4/Part B, edited by: Hutzinger, O., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989.

% vor jede Referenz Shaw, G. E.: The arctic haze Phenomenon, Bull. American. Meteorol. Soc., 76, 2403–2413, 1995.

% vor jede Referenz Shiobara, M., Yabuki, M., and Kobayashi, H.: A polar cloud analysis based on micro-pulse lidar measurements at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard and Syowa, Antarctica, Phys. Chem. Earth, 28, 1205–1212, 2003.

% vor jede Referenz Stroem, J., Umegard, J., Torseth, K., Tunved, P., Hansson, H.-C., Holmen, K., Wismann, V., Herber, A., and Koenig-Langlo, G.: One year of particle size distribution and aerosol chemical composition measurements at the Zeppelin Station, Svalbard, March 2000–March 2001, Phys. Chem. Earth, 28, 1181–1190, 2003.

% vor jede Referenz Teinila, K., Hillamo, R., Kerminen, V.-M., and Beine, H. J.: Chemistry and modal parameters of major ionic aerosol components during the NICE campaigns at two altitudes, Atmos. Environ., 38, 1481–1490, 2004.

% vor jede Referenz Tutiempo.net: http://www.tutiempo.net/en/Climate/NY-ALESUND/10070.htm, last access: 17 June 2008.

% vor jede Referenz Wada, M. and Igarashi, M.: Atmospheric observations of liquid water in cloud and of chemical species in aerosols and gases near the ground and in fallen snow at Svalbard, Arctic, Atmos. Res., 46, 383–389, 1998.

% vor jede Referenz Wada, M. and Konishi, H.: A study of precipitating clouds close to fronts using microwave radiometry and radar in Svalbard, Arctic, Atmos. Res., 49, 253–265, 1998.