Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
www.atmos-chem-phys.net
1680-7316
1680-7324
8
13
2008
10.5194/acp-8-3639-2008
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/3639/2008/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/3639/2008/acp-8-3639-2008.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/3639/2008/acp-8-3639-2008.pdf
3639
3653
2008-07-10
Contribution of residential wood combustion and other sources to hourly winter aerosol in Northern Sweden determined by positive matrix factorization
P. Krecl
patricia.krecl@itm.su.se
E. Hedberg Larsson
J. Ström
C. Johansson
Department of Applied Environmental Science, Atmospheric Science Unit, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
The combined effect of residential wood combustion (RWC)
emissions with stable atmospheric conditions, which frequently occurs in
Northern Sweden during wintertime, can deteriorate the air quality even in
small towns. To estimate the contribution of RWC to the total atmospheric
aerosol loading, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to hourly
mean particle number size distributions measured in a residential area in
Lycksele during winter 2005/2006. The sources were identified based on the
particle number size distribution profiles of the PMF factors, the diurnal
contributions patterns estimated by PMF for both weekends and weekdays, and
correlation of the modeled particle number concentration per factor with
measured aerosol mass concentrations (PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>1</sub>, and
light-absorbing carbon M<sub>LAC</sub>) Through these analyses, the factors were
identified as local traffic (factor 1), local RWC (factor 2), and local RWC
plus long-range transport (LRT) of aerosols (factor 3). In some occasions,
the PMF model could not separate the contributions of local RWC from
background concentrations since their particle number size distributions
partially overlapped. As a consequence, we report the contribution of RWC as
a range of values, being the minimum determined by factor 2 and the possible
maximum as the contributions of both factors 2 and 3. A multiple linear
regression (MLR) of observed PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>1</sub>, total particle number, and
M<sub>LAC</sub> concentrations is carried out to determine the source contribution
to these aerosol variables. The results reveal RWC is an important source of
atmospheric particles in the size range 25–606 nm (44–57%), PM<sub>10</sub>
(36–82%), PM<sub>1</sub> (31–83%), and M<sub>LAC</sub> (40–76%) mass
concentrations in the winter season. The contribution from RWC is especially
large on weekends between 18:00 LT and midnight whereas local traffic
emissions show similar contributions every day.
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