Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics www.atmos-chem-phys.net 1680-7316 1680-7324 8 11 2008 10.5194/acp-8-2869-2008 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/2869/2008/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/2869/2008/acp-8-2869-2008.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/2869/2008/acp-8-2869-2008.pdf 2869 2884 2008-06-05 Adjoint inversion modeling of Asian dust emission using lidar observations K. Yumimoto yumimoto@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp I. Uno N. Sugimoto A. Shimizu Z. Liu D. M. Winker Department of Earth System Science and Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan National Institute for Environmental Study, Tsukuba, Japan National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, Virginia, USA NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA A four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation system for a regional dust model (RAMS/CFORS-4DVAR; RC4) is applied to an adjoint inversion of a heavy dust event over eastern Asia during 20 March–4 April 2007. The vertical profiles of the dust extinction coefficients derived from NIES Lidar network are directly assimilated, with validation using observation data. Two experiments assess impacts of observation site selection: Experiment A uses five Japanese observation sites located downwind of dust source regions; Experiment B uses these and two other sites near source regions. Assimilation improves the modeled dust extinction coefficients. Experiment A and Experiment B assimilation results are mutually consistent, indicating that observations of Experiment A distributed over Japan can provide comprehensive information related to dust emission inversion. Time series data of dust AOT calculated using modeled and Lidar dust extinction coefficients improve the model results. At Seoul, Matsue, and Toyama, assimilation reduces the root mean square differences of dust AOT by 35–40%. However, at Beijing and Tsukuba, the RMS differences degrade because of fewer observations during the heavy dust event. Vertical profiles of the dust layer observed by CALIPSO are compared with assimilation results. The dense dust layer was trapped at potential temperatures (θ) of 280–300 K and was higher toward the north; the model reproduces those characteristics well. 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