References

ACP

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

ACP

1680-7324

Copernicus GmbH

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/acp-8-2151-2008

MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Fischer

¹ Birk

² Blom

¹ Carli

³ Carlotti

⁴ von Clarmann

¹ Delbouille

⁵ Dudhia

⁶ Ehhalt

⁷ Endemann

⁸ Flaud

J. M.

⁹ Gessner

¹⁰ Kleinert

¹ Koopman

⁸ Langen

⁸ López-Puertas

¹¹ Mosner

¹⁰ Nett

⁸ Oelhaf

¹ Perron

¹² Remedios

¹³ Ridolfi

⁴ Stiller

¹ Zander

⁵

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Univ. Karlsruhe, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe, Germany

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Germany

Istituto di Fisica Applicata, N. Carrara (IFAC) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Firenze, Italy

Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Groupe Infra-Rouge de Physique Atmosphérique et Solaire (GIRPAS), Département AGO, Université de Liège, Belgium

Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, UK

Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institut für Atmosphärische Chemie, (ICG3), Jülich, Germany

ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, Italy and ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands

Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), CNRS, Université Paris VII et XII, France

EADS Astrium GmbH, Friedrichshafen und München, Germany

Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Granada, Spain

ABB Bomem Inc., Quebec, Canada

Earth Observation Science (EOS), Space Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Leicester, UK

16 04 2008

8 8 2151 2188

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MIPAS, the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, is a mid-infrared emission spectrometer which is part of the core payload of ENVISAT. It is a limb sounder, i.e. it scans across the horizon detecting atmospheric spectral radiances which are inverted to vertical temperature, trace species and cloud distributions. These data can be used for scientific investigations in various research fields including dynamics and chemistry in the altitude region between upper troposphere and lower thermosphere. The instrument is a well calibrated and characterized Fourier transform spectrometer which is able to detect many trace constituents simultaneously. The different concepts of retrieval methods are described including multi-target and two-dimensional retrievals. Operationally generated data sets consist of temperature, H2O, O3, CH4, N2O, HNO3, and NO2 profiles. Measurement errors are investigated in detail and random and systematic errors are specified. The results are validated by independent instrumentation which has been operated at ground stations or aboard balloon gondolas and aircraft. Intercomparisons of MIPAS measurements with other satellite data have been carried out, too. As a result, it has been proven that the MIPAS data are of good quality. MIPAS can be operated in different measurement modes in order to optimize the scientific output. Due to the wealth of information in the MIPAS spectra, many scientific results have already been published. They include intercomparisons of temperature distributions with ECMWF data, the derivation of the whole NOy family, the study of atmospheric processes during the Antarctic vortex split in September~2002, the determination of properties of Polar Stratospheric Clouds, the downward transport of NOx in the middle atmosphere, the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, the influence of solar variability on the middle atmosphere, and the observation of Non-LTE effects in the mesosphere.

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