Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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2007
10.5194/acp-7-5861-2007
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5861/2007/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5861/2007/acp-7-5861-2007.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5861/2007/acp-7-5861-2007.pdf
5861
5872
2007-11-27
MIPAS measurements of upper tropospheric C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> during the southern hemispheric biomass burning season in 2003
T. von Clarmann
N. Glatthor
M. E. Koukouli
G. P. Stiller
B. Funke
U. Grabowski
M. Höpfner
S. Kellmann
A. Linden
M. Milz
T. Steck
H. Fischer
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Karlsruhe, Germany
Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Instituto de AstrofÃsica de AndalucÃa CSIC, Granada, Spain
now at: Institutionen för Rymdvetenskap, Luleå Tekniska Universitet, Kiruna, Sweden
now at: Kepler Gymnasium, Ulm, Germany
Under cloud free conditions, the Michelson Interferometer
for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) provides measurements
of spectrally resolved limb radiances down to the upper troposphere.
These are used to infer global distributions of mixing ratios of
atmospheric constituents in the upper troposphere and the stratosphere.
From 21 October to 12 November 2003, MIPAS observed enhanced
amounts of upper tropospheric C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> (up to about 400 pptv)
and ozone (up to about 80 ppbv). The absolute values of C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>,
however, may be systematically low by about 30% due to uncertainties
of the spectroscopic data used. By means of trajectory
calculations, the enhancements observed in the southern hemisphere
are, at least partly, attributed to a biomass burning plume, which
covers wide parts of the Southern hemisphere, from South America,
the Atlantic Ocean, Africa, the Indian Ocean to Australia.
The chemical composition of the part of the plume-like pollution
belt associated with South American fires, where rainforest burning
is predominant appears different from the part of the plume associated
with southern African savanna burning. In particular, African savanna
fires lead to a larger ozone enhancement than equatorial American
fires. In this analysis, MIPAS observations of high ozone were
disregarded where low CFC-11 (below 245 pptv) was observed, because
this hints at a stratospheric component in the measured signal.
Different type of vegetation burning (flaming versus smouldering
combustion) has been identified as a candidate explanation for the different plume compositions.
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