Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
www.atmos-chem-phys.net
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2007
10.5194/acp-7-5327-2007
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5327/2007/
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5327/2007/acp-7-5327-2007.html
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5327/2007/acp-7-5327-2007.pdf
5327
5339
2007-10-16
The weekend effect within and downwind of Sacramento – Part 1: Observations of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and VOC reactivity
J. G. Murphy
D. A. Day
P. A. Cleary
P. J. Wooldridge
D. B. Millet
A. H. Goldstein
R. C. Cohen
University of California at Berkeley, Department of Chemistry, USA
University of California at Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, USA
University of California at Berkeley, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, USA
now at: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada
now at: University of California at Davis, Land, Air and Water Resources Department, USA
now at: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, USA
now at: Harvard University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, USA
Day-of-week patterns in human activities can be used to examine the ways in
which differences in primary emissions result in changes in the rates of
photochemical reactions, and the production of secondary pollutants. Data
from twelve California Air Resources Board monitoring sites in Sacramento,
CA, and the downwind Mountain Counties air basin are analyzed to reveal day
of week patterns in ozone and its precursors in the summers of 1998–2002.
Measurements of non-methane hydrocarbons are available for the summers of
2001–2003 at three of these sites and NO<sub>x</sub> at six of these sites for the
full time period. This routine monitoring data is complemented by data sets
of ozone and nitrogen oxide concentrations obtained in the summers of 2001
and 2003 at three sites in the region and comprehensive measurements of VOC
reactivity at two sites in 2001. Daytime concentrations of nitrogen oxides
(NO<sub>x</sub>≡NO+NO<sub>2</sub>) are approximately 35% lower on
weekends at all the sites, whereas the VOC reactivity changes by less than
10%. All six sites in the Sacramento Valley have higher 8-h maximum
average ozone on the weekend and are more likely to exceed the national
standard of 85 ppb on the weekend. In contrast, all the sites in the
Mountain Counties are less likely to exceed the federal ozone standard on
the weekend. Analysis of the day-of-week trends in odd oxygen show that the
weekend effect of ozone within Sacramento is strongly influenced by NO
sources close to the monitoring sites. This suggests that ozone measurements
from monitoring sites close to highways, including two rural locations, may
not be representative of the regional abundance, and lead to underestimates
of long term exposure for humans and ecosystems.
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