References

ACP

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

ACP

1680-7324

Copernicus GmbH

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/acp-6-5067-2006

The atmospheric chemistry general circulation model ECHAM5/MESSy1: consistent simulation of ozone from the surface to the mesosphere

Jöckel

¹ Tost

¹ Pozzer

¹ Brühl

¹ Buchholz

¹ Ganzeveld

¹ Hoor

¹ Kerkweg

¹ Lawrence

M. G.

¹ Sander

¹ Steil

¹ Stiller

² Tanarhte

¹ Taraborrelli

¹ van Aardenne

¹ ³ Lelieveld

Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Atmospheric Chemistry Department, P.O. Box 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany

Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany

now at: European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy

07 11 2006

6 12 5067 5104

This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/5067/2006/acp-6-5067-2006.html

The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/6/5067/2006/acp-6-5067-2006.pdf

The new Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) describes atmospheric chemistry and meteorological processes in a modular framework, following strict coding standards. It has been coupled to the ECHAM5 general circulation model, which has been slightly modified for this purpose. A 90-layer model setup up to 0.01 hPa was used at spectral T42 resolution to simulate the lower and middle atmosphere. With the high vertical resolution the model simulates the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation. The model meteorology has been tested to check the influence of the changes to ECHAM5 and the radiation interactions with the new representation of atmospheric composition. In the simulations presented here a Newtonian relaxation technique was applied in the tropospheric part of the domain to weakly nudge the model towards the analysed meteorology during the period 1998–2005. This allows an efficient and direct evaluation with satellite and in-situ data. It is shown that the tropospheric wave forcing of the stratosphere in the model suffices to reproduce major stratospheric warming events leading e.g. to the vortex split over Antarctica in 2002. Characteristic features such as dehydration and denitrification caused by the sedimentation of polar stratospheric cloud particles and ozone depletion during winter and spring are simulated well, although ozone loss in the lower polar stratosphere is slightly underestimated. The model realistically simulates stratosphere-troposphere exchange processes as indicated by comparisons with satellite and in situ measurements. The evaluation of tropospheric chemistry presented here focuses on the distributions of ozone, hydroxyl radicals, carbon monoxide and reactive nitrogen compounds. In spite of minor shortcomings, mostly related to the relatively coarse T42 resolution and the neglect of inter-annual changes in biomass burning emissions, the main characteristics of the trace gas distributions are generally reproduced well. The MESSy submodels and the ECHAM5/MESSy1 model output are available through the internet on request.

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