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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACP</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACP</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7324</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acp-2-249-2002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Uptake of HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; to deliquescent sea-salt particles: a study using the short-lived radioactive isotope tracer &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;N</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Guimbaud</surname>
<given-names>C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Arens</surname>
<given-names>F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gutzwiller</surname>
<given-names>L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gäggeler</surname>
<given-names>H. W.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ammann</surname>
<given-names>M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>08</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>249</fpage>
<lpage>257</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/2/249/2002/acp-2-249-2002.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/2/249/2002/acp-2-249-2002.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The uptake of
      HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; to deliquescent airborne sea-salt particles (RH = 55%, P =
      760 torr, T = 300 K) at concentrations from 2 to 575 ppbv is measured in an aerosol
      flow tube using &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;N as a tracer. Small particles
      (&amp;lt;approx&amp;gt; 70 nm diameter) are used in order to minimize the effect of diffusion in the gas phase on the mass transfer. Below 100
      ppbv, an uptake coefficient (&lt;font face=&quot;Symbol&quot;    &gt;g&lt;/font&gt;&lt;sub&gt;upt&lt;/sub&gt;) of 0.50 ± 0.20 is derived. At higher concentrations,
      the uptake coefficient decreases along with the consumption of aerosol chloride. Data
      interpretation is further supported by using the North American Aerosol Inorganics
      Model (AIM), which predicts the aqueous phase activities of ions and the gas-phase
      partial pressures of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O,

      

      HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and HCl at equilibrium for the
      NaCl/HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O
      system. These simulations show that the low concentration data are obtained far from
      equilibrium, which implies that the uptake coefficient derived is equal to the mass
      accommodation coefficient under these conditions. The observed uptake coefficient
      can serve as input to modeling studies of atmospheric sea-salt aerosol chemistry. The
      main sea-salt aerosol burden in the marine atmosphere is represented by coarse mode
      particles (&amp;gt; 1 µm diameter). This implies that diffusion in the gas-phase is the limiting
      step to HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;

      

       uptake until the sea-salt has been completely processed.</p>
</abstract>
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