ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-6915-2012 Effects of business-as-usual anthropogenic emissions on air quality Pozzer A. 1 2 Zimmermann P. 2 Doering U.M. 3 7 van Aardenne J. 3 8 Tost H. 4 Dentener F. 3 Janssens-Maenhout G. 3 Lelieveld J. 2 5 6 The Abdus Salam International center for Theoretical Physics, Earth System Physics, Trieste, Italy Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Johannes – Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany The Cyprus Institute, Energy, Environment and Water Research Center, Nicosia, Cyprus King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia now at: Öko-Institut e.V., Berlin, Germany now at: Air and climate change-mitigation, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark 01 08 2012 12 15 6915 6937 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/6915/2012/acp-12-6915-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/6915/2012/acp-12-6915-2012.pdf

The atmospheric chemistry general circulation model EMAC has been used to estimate the impact of anthropogenic emission changes on global and regional air quality in recent and future years (2005, 2010, 2025 and 2050). The emission scenario assumes that population and economic growth largely determine energy and food consumption and consequent pollution sources with the current technologies ("business as usual"). This scenario is chosen to show the effects of not implementing legislation to prevent additional climate change and growing air pollution, other than what is in place for the base year 2005, representing a pessimistic (but plausible) future. <br><br> By comparing with recent observations, it is shown that the model reproduces the main features of regional air pollution distributions though with some imprecisions inherent to the coarse horizontal resolution (~100 km) and simplified bottom-up emission input. <br><br> To identify possible future hot spots of poor air quality, a multi pollutant index (MPI), suited for global model output, has been applied. It appears that East and South Asia and the Middle East represent such hotspots due to very high pollutant concentrations, while a general increase of MPIs is observed in all populated regions in the Northern Hemisphere. In East Asia a range of pollutant gases and fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is projected to reach very high levels from 2005 onward, while in South Asia air pollution, including ozone, will grow rapidly towards the middle of the century. Around the Persian Gulf, where natural PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations are already high (desert dust), ozone levels are expected to increase strongly. <br><br> The population weighted MPI (PW-MPI), which combines demographic and pollutant concentration projections, shows that a rapidly increasing number of people worldwide will experience reduced air quality during the first half of the 21st century. Following this business as usual scenario, it is projected that air quality for the global average citizen in 2050 would be almost comparable to that for the average citizen in East Asia in the year 2005, which underscores the need to pursue emission reductions.

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