ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-6741-2012 Automated ground-based remote sensing measurements of greenhouse gases at the Białystok site in comparison with collocated in situ measurements and model data Messerschmidt J. 1 5 Chen H. 2 6 Deutscher N. M. 1 Gerbig C. 2 Grupe P. 1 Katrynski K. 4 Koch F.-T. 2 Lavrič J. V. 2 Notholt J. 1 Rödenbeck C. 2 Ruhe W. 3 Warneke T. 1 Weinzierl C. 1 Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany impres GmbH, Bremen, Germany AeroMeteoservice, Białystok, Poland now at: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA now at: NOAA-ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305, USA 01 08 2012 12 15 6741 6755 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/6741/2012/acp-12-6741-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/6741/2012/acp-12-6741-2012.pdf

The in situ boundary layer measurement site in Białystok (Poland) has been upgraded with a fully automated observatory for total greenhouse gas column measurements. The automated Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) complements the on-site in situ facilities and FTS solar absorption measurements have been recorded nearly continuously in clear and partially cloudy conditions since March 2009. Here, the FTS measurements are compared with the collocated tall tower data. Additionally, simulations of the Jena CO<sub>2</sub> inversion model are evaluated with the Białystok measurement facilities. The simulated seasonal CO<sub>2</sub> cycle is slightly overestimated by a mean difference of 1.2 ppm ± 0.9 ppm (1σ) in comparison with the FTS measurements. CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations at the surface, measured at the tall tower (5 m, 90 m, 300 m), are slightly underestimated by −1.5 ppm, −1.6 ppm, and −0.7 ppm respectively during the day and by −9.1 ppm, −5.9 ppm, and −1.3 ppm during the night. The comparison of the simulated CO<sub>2</sub> profiles with low aircraft profiles shows a slight overestimation of the lower troposphere (by up to 1 ppm) and an underestimation in near-surface heights until 800 m (by up to 2.5 ppm). In an appendix the automated FTS observatory, including the hardware components and the automation software, is described in its basics.

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