ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-6581-2012 Diurnal variations of reactive chlorine and nitrogen oxides observed by MIPAS-B inside the January 2010 Arctic vortex Wetzel G. 1 Oelhaf H. 1 Kirner O. 2 Friedl-Vallon F. 1 Ruhnke R. 1 Ebersoldt A. 3 Kleinert A. 1 Maucher G. 1 Nordmeyer H. 1 Orphal J. 1 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe, Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe, Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Data Processing and Electronics, Karlsruhe, Germany 25 07 2012 12 14 6581 6592 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/6581/2012/acp-12-6581-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/6581/2012/acp-12-6581-2012.pdf

The winter 2009/2010 was characterized by a strong Arctic vortex with extremely cold mid-winter temperatures in the lower stratosphere associated with an intense activation of reactive chlorine compounds (ClO<sub>x</sub>) from reservoir species. Stratospheric limb emission spectra were recorded during a flight of the balloon version of the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS-B) from Kiruna (Sweden) on 24 January 2010 inside the Arctic vortex. Several fast limb sequences of spectra (in time steps of about 10 min) were measured from nighttime photochemical equilibrium to local noon allowing the retrieval of chlorine- and nitrogen-containing species which change rapidly their concentration around the terminator between night and day. Mixing ratios of species like ClO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> show significant changes around sunrise, which are temporally delayed due to polar stratospheric clouds reducing the direct radiative flux from the sun. ClO variations were derived for the first time from MIPAS-B spectra. Daytime ClO values of up to 1.6 ppbv are visible in a broad chlorine activated layer below 26 km correlated with low values (below 0.1 ppbv) of the chlorine reservoir species ClONO<sub>2</sub>. Observations are compared and discussed with calculations performed with the 3-dimensional Chemistry Climate Model EMAC (ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry). Mixing ratios of the species ClO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> are well reproduced by the model during night and noon. However, the onset of ClO production and NO<sub>2</sub> loss around the terminator in the model is not consistent with the measurements. The MIPAS-B observations along with Tropospheric Ultraviolet-Visible (TUV) radiation model calculations suggest that polar stratospheric clouds lead to a delayed start followed by a faster increase of the photodissoziation of ClOOCl and NO<sub>2</sub> near the morning terminator since stratospheric clouds alter the direct and the diffuse flux of solar radiation. These effects are not considered in the EMAC model simulations which assume a cloudless atmosphere.

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