ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-5949-2012 DOAS measurements of formaldehyde and glyoxal above a south-east Asian tropical rainforest MacDonald S. M. 1 Oetjen H. 1 3 Mahajan A. S. 1 4 Whalley L. K. 1 Edwards P. M. 1 5 Heard D. E. 1 Jones C. E. 2 6 Plane J. M. C. 1 School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK now at: The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0215, USA now at: The Laboratory for Atmospheric and Climate Science, CSIC-JCCM, 5007 Toledo, Spain now at: NOAA ESRL, 325 Broadway R/CSD, Boulder, CO 80305-3337, USA now at: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa 1-1, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan 12 07 2012 12 13 5949 5962 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/5949/2012/acp-12-5949-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/5949/2012/acp-12-5949-2012.pdf

Tropical rainforests act as a huge contributor to the global emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Measurements of their oxidation products, such as formaldehyde (HCHO) and glyoxal (CHOCHO), provide useful indicators of fast photochemistry occurring in the lower troposphere. However, measurements of these species in tropical forest locations are extremely limited. To redress this, HCHO and CHOCHO were measured using the long-path (LP) and multi-axis (MAX) differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) techniques above the rainforest canopy in Borneo during two campaigns in spring and summer 2008, as part of the Oxidant and Particle Photochemical Processes above a south-east Asian tropical rainforest (OP3) project. The results were compared with concurrent measurements of hydroxyl radical (OH), isoprene (C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>) (which was the dominant organic species emitted in this forest environment), and various meteorological parameters. Formaldehyde was observed at a maximum concentration of 4.5 ppb and glyoxal at a maximum of 1.6 ppb, significantly higher than previous measurements in rural locations. A 1-D chemistry model was then used to assess the diurnal evolution of formaldehyde and glyoxal throughout the boundary layer. The results, which compare well with the LP-DOAS and MAX-DOAS observations, suggest that the majority of the glyoxal and formaldehyde is confined to the first 500 m of the boundary layer, and that the measured ratio of these species is reproduced using currently accepted product yields for the oxidation of isoprene by OH. An important conclusion is that the measured levels of glyoxal are consistent with the surprisingly high concentrations of OH measured in this environment.

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