ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-5275-2012 Development and chamber evaluation of the MCM v3.2 degradation scheme for β-caryophyllene Jenkin M. E. 1 Wyche K. P. 2 Evans C. J. 3 Carr T. 2 Monks P. S. 2 Alfarra M. R. 4 5 Barley M. H. 5 McFiggans G. B. 5 Young J. C. 6 Rickard A. R. 6 7 8 Atmospheric Chemistry Services, Okehampton, Devon, EX20 1FB, UK Atmospheric Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK Molecular Properties Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), School of Earth Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Earth Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK now at: National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK 15 06 2012 12 11 5275 5308 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/5275/2012/acp-12-5275-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/5275/2012/acp-12-5275-2012.pdf

A degradation mechanism for β-caryophyllene has recently been released as part of version 3.2 of the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM v3.2), describing the gas phase oxidation initiated by reaction with ozone, OH radicals and NO<sub>3</sub> radicals. A detailed overview of the construction methodology is given, within the context of reported experimental and theoretical mechanistic appraisals. The performance of the mechanism has been evaluated in chamber simulations in which the gas phase chemistry was coupled to a representation of the gas-to-aerosol partitioning of 280 multi-functional oxidation products. This evaluation exercise considered data from a number of chamber studies of either the ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene, or the photo-oxidation of β-caryophyllene/NO<sub>x</sub> mixtures, in which detailed product distributions have been reported. This includes the results of a series of photo-oxidation experiments performed in the University of Manchester aerosol chamber, also reported here, in which a comprehensive characterization of the temporal evolution of the organic product distribution in the gas phase was carried out, using Chemical Ionisation Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (CIR-TOF-MS), in conjunction with measurements of NO<sub>x</sub>, O<sub>3</sub> and SOA mass loading. The CIR-TOF-MS measurements allowed approximately 45 time-resolved product ion signals to be detected, which were assigned on the basis of the simulated temporal profiles of the more abundant MCM v3.2 species, and their probable fragmentation patterns. The evaluation studies demonstrate that the MCM v3.2 mechanism provides an acceptable description of β-caryophyllene degradation under the chamber conditions considered, with the temporal evolution of the observables identified above generally being recreated within the uncertainty bounds of key parameters within the mechanism. The studies have highlighted a number of areas of uncertainty or discrepancy, where further investigation would be valuable to help interpret the results of chamber studies and improve detailed mechanistic understanding. These particularly include: (i) quantification of the yield and stability of the secondary ozonide (denoted BCSOZ in MCM v3.2), formed from β-caryophyllene ozonolysis, and elucidation of the details of its further oxidation, including whether the products retain the "ozonide" functionality; (ii) investigation of the impact of NO<sub>x</sub> on the β-caryophyllene ozonolysis mechanism, in particular its effect on the formation of β-caryophyllinic acid (denoted C137CO2H in MCM v3.2), and elucidation of its formation mechanism; (iii) routine independent identification of β-caryophyllinic acid, and its potentially significant isomer β-nocaryophyllonic acid (denoted C131CO2H in MCM v3.2); (iv) more precise quantification of the primary yield of OH (and other radicals) from β-caryophyllene ozonolysis; (v) quantification of the yields of the first-generation hydroxy nitrates (denoted BCANO3, BCBNO3 and BCCNO3 in MCM v3.2) from the OH-initiated chemistry in the presence of NO<sub>x</sub>; and (vi) further studies in general to improve the identification and quantification of products formed from both ozonolysis and photo-oxidation, including confirmation of the simulated formation of multifunctional species containing hydroperoxide groups, and their important contribution to SOA under NO<sub>x</sub>-free conditions.

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