ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-3927-2012 Chamber studies of SOA formation from aromatic hydrocarbons: observation of limited glyoxal uptake Nakao S. 1 2 Liu Y. 1 2 3 Tang P. 1 2 Chen C.-L. 1 2 Zhang J. 3 4 Cocker III D. R. 1 2 University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Riverside, USA College of Engineering – Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Riverside, USA University of California, Riverside, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, USA University of California, Riverside, Air Pollution Research Center, Riverside, USA 03 05 2012 12 9 3927 3937 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/3927/2012/acp-12-3927-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/3927/2012/acp-12-3927-2012.pdf

This study evaluates the significance of glyoxal acting as an intermediate species leading to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from aromatic hydrocarbon photooxidation under humid conditions. Rapid SOA formation from glyoxal uptake onto aqueous (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> seed particles is observed in agreement with previous studies; however, glyoxal did not partition significantly to SOA (with or without aqueous seed) during aromatic hydrocarbon photooxidation within an environmental chamber (RH less than 80%). Rather, glyoxal influences SOA formation by raising hydroxyl (OH) radical concentrations. Four experimental approaches supporting this conclusion are presented in this paper: (1) increased SOA formation and decreased SOA volatility in the toluene + NO<sub>x</sub> photooxidation system with additional glyoxal was reproduced by matching OH radical concentrations through H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition; (2) glyoxal addition to SOA seed formed from toluene + NO<sub>x</sub> photooxidation did not increase SOA volume under dark; (3) SOA formation from toluene + NO<sub>x</sub> photooxidation with and without deliquesced (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> seed resulted in similar SOA growth, consistent with a minor contribution from glyoxal uptake onto deliquesced seed and organic coatings; and (4) the fraction of a C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub><sup>+</sup> fragment (observed by Aerodyne High Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer, HR-ToF-AMS) in SOA from 2-tert-butylphenol (BP) oxidation was unchanged in the presence of additional glyoxal despite enhanced SOA formation. This study suggests that glyoxal uptake onto aerosol during the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons is more limited than previously thought.

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