ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-8133-2011 Elucidating determinants of aerosol composition through particle-type-based receptor modeling McGuire M. L. 1 2 Jeong C.-H. 1 Slowik J. G. 1 3 5 Chang R. Y.-W. 1 3 Corbin J. C. 1 3 Lu G. 2 Mihele C. 2 Rehbein P. J. G. 1 Sills D. M. L. 4 Abbatt J. P. D. 1 3 Brook J. R. 2 Evans G. J. 1 Southern Ontario Centre for Atmospheric Aerosol Research, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada Air Quality and Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada Cloud Physics and Severe Weather Research Section, Environment Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada now at: Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland 10 08 2011 11 15 8133 8155 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/8133/2011/acp-11-8133-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/8133/2011/acp-11-8133-2011.pdf

An aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was deployed at a semi-rural site in southern Ontario to characterize the size and chemical composition of individual particles. Particle-type-based receptor modelling of these data was used to investigate the determinants of aerosol chemical composition in this region. Individual particles were classified into particle-types and positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to their temporal trends to separate and cross-apportion particle-types to factors. The extent of chemical processing for each factor was assessed by evaluating the internal and external mixing state of the characteristic particle-types. The nine factors identified helped to elucidate the coupled interactions of these determinants. Nitrate-laden dust was found to be the dominant type of locally emitted particles measured by ATOFMS. Several factors associated with aerosol transported to the site from intermediate local-to-regional distances were identified: the Organic factor was associated with a combustion source to the north-west; the ECOC Day factor was characterized by nearby local-to-regional carbonaceous emissions transported from the south-west during the daytime; and the Fireworks factor consisted of pyrotechnic particles from the Detroit region following holiday fireworks displays. Regional aerosol from farther emissions sources was reflected through three factors: two Biomass Burning factors and a highly chemically processed Long Range Transport factor. The Biomass Burning factors were separated by PMF due to differences in chemical processing which were in part elucidated by the passage of two thunderstorm gust fronts with different air mass histories. The remaining two factors, ECOC Night and Nitrate Background, represented the night-time partitioning of nitrate to pre-existing particles of different origins. The distinct meteorological conditions observed during this month-long study in the summer of 2007 provided a unique range of temporal variability, enabling the elucidation of the determinants of aerosol chemical composition, including source emissions, chemical processing, and transport, at the Canada-US border. This paper presents the first study to elucidate the coupled influences of these determinants on temporal variability in aerosol chemical composition using single particle-type-based receptor modelling.

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