ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-8003-2011 Cloud condensation nuclei as a modulator of ice processes in Arctic mixed-phase clouds Lance S. 1 2 Shupe M. D. 2 3 Feingold G. 1 Brock C. A. 1 Cozic J. 1 2 Holloway J. S. 1 2 Moore R. H. 4 Nenes A. 4 5 Schwarz J. P. 1 2 Spackman J. R. 1 2 Froyd K. D. 1 2 Murphy D. M. 1 Brioude J. 1 2 Cooper O. R. 1 2 Stohl A. 6 Burkhart J. F. 6 7 Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA Physical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA, USA 05 08 2011 11 15 8003 8015 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/8003/2011/acp-11-8003-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/8003/2011/acp-11-8003-2011.pdf

We propose that cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations are important for modulating ice formation of Arctic mixed-phase clouds, through modification of the droplet size distribution. Aircraft observations from the Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) study in northern Alaska in April 2008 allow for identification and characterization of both aerosol and trace gas pollutants, which are then compared with cloud microphysical properties. Consistent with previous studies, we find that the concentration of precipitating ice particles (>400 μm) is correlated with the concentration of large droplets (>30 μm). We are further able to link the observed microphysical conditions to aerosol pollution, originating mainly from long range transport of biomass burning emissions. The case studies demonstrate that polluted mixed-phase clouds have narrower droplet size distributions and contain 1–2 orders of magnitude fewer precipitating ice particles than clean clouds at the same temperature. This suggests an aerosol indirect effect leading to greater cloud lifetime, greater cloud emissivity, and reduced precipitation. This result is opposite to the glaciation indirect effect, whereby polluted clouds are expected to precipitate more readily due to an increase in the concentration of particles acting as ice nuclei.

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