ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-3527-2011 Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei activity and droplet activation kinetics of fresh unprocessed regional dust samples and minerals Kumar P. 1 Sokolik I. N. 2 Nenes A. 1 2 School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA 15 04 2011 11 7 3527 3541 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/3527/2011/acp-11-3527-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/3527/2011/acp-11-3527-2011.pdf

This study reports laboratory measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and droplet activation kinetics of aerosols dry generated from clays, calcite, quartz, and desert soil samples from Northern Africa, East Asia/China, and Northern America. Based on the observed dependence of critical supersaturation, <i>s</i><sub>c</sub>, with particle dry diameter, <i>D</i><sub>dry</sub>, we found that FHH (Frenkel, Halsey and Hill) adsorption activation theory is a far more suitable framework for describing fresh dust CCN activity than Köhler theory. One set of FHH parameters (<i>A</i><sub>FHH</sub> &sim; 2.25 &plusmn; 0.75, <i>B</i><sub>FHH</sub> &sim; 1.20 &plusmn; 0.10) can adequately reproduce the measured CCN activity for all species considered, and also explains the large range of hygroscopicities reported in the literature. Based on a threshold droplet growth analysis, mineral dust aerosols were found to display retarded activation kinetics compared to ammonium sulfate. Comprehensive simulations of mineral dust activation and growth in the CCN instrument suggest that this retardation is equivalent to a reduction of the water vapor uptake coefficient (relative to that for calibration ammonium sulfate aerosol) by 30–80%. These results suggest that dust particles do not require deliquescent material to act as CCN in the atmosphere.

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