ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-11237-2011 Change of iron species and iron solubility in Asian dust during the long-range transport from western China to Japan Takahashi Y. 1 Higashi M. 1 Furukawa T. 1 Mitsunobu S. 2 Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan 11 11 2011 11 21 11237 11252 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/11237/2011/acp-11-11237-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/11237/2011/acp-11-11237-2011.pdf

In the North Pacific, transport and deposition of mineral dust from Asia appear to be one of major sources of iron which can regulate growth of phytoplankton in the ocean. In this process, it is essential to identify chemical species of iron contained in Asian dust, because bioavailability of iron in the ocean is strongly influenced by the solubility of iron, which in turn is dependent on iron species in the dust. Here, we report that clay minerals (illite and chlorite) in the dusts near the source collected at Aksu (western China) can be transformed into ferrihydrite by atmospheric chemical processes during their long-range transport to eastern China (Qingdao) and Japan (Tsukuba) based on the speciation by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and other methods such as X-ray diffraction and chemical extraction. As a result, Fe molar ratio in Aksu (illite : chlorite : ferrihydrite = 70 : 25 : 5) was changed to that in Tsukuba (illite : chlorite : ferrihydrite = 65 : 10 : 25). Moreover, leaching experiments were conducted to study the change of iron solubility. It was found that the iron solubility for the dust in Tsukuba (soluble iron fraction: 11.8 % and 1.10 % for synthetic rain water and seawater, respectively) was larger than that in Aksu (4.1 % and 0.28 %, respectively), showing that iron in the dust after the transport becomes more soluble possibly due to the formation of ferrihydrite in the atmosphere. Our findings suggested that secondary formation of ferrihydrite during the transport should be considered as one of important processes in evaluating the supply of soluble iron to seawater.

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