ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-10853-2011 Variable lifetimes and loss mechanisms for NO<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> during the DOMINO campaign: contrasts between marine, urban and continental air Crowley J. N. 1 Thieser J. 1 Tang M. J. 1 Schuster G. 1 Bozem H. 1 Beygi Z. H. 1 Fischer H. 1 Diesch J.-M. 2 Drewnick F. 2 Borrmann S. 2 3 Song W. 1 Yassaa N. 1 4 Williams J. 1 Pöhler D. 5 Platt U. 5 Lelieveld J. 1 Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Division of Atmospheric Chemistry, Mainz, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Particle Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany Institute for Atmospheric Physics, University of Mainz, Germany Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria Institut of Environmetal Physics, University of Heidelberg, Germany 03 11 2011 11 21 10853 10870 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10853/2011/acp-11-10853-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10853/2011/acp-11-10853-2011.pdf

Nighttime mixing ratios of boundary layer N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> were determined using cavity-ring-down spectroscopy during the DOMINO campaign in Southern Spain (Diel Oxidant Mechanisms In relation to Nitrogen Oxides, 21 November 2008–8 December 2008). N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> mixing ratios ranged from below the detection limit (~5 ppt) to ~500 ppt. A steady-state analysis constrained by measured mixing ratios of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> was used to derive NO<sub>3</sub> lifetimes and compare them to calculated rates of loss via gas-phase and heterogeneous reactions of both NO<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. Three distinct types of air masses were encountered, which were largely marine (Atlantic), continental or urban-industrial in origin. NO<sub>3</sub> lifetimes were longest in the Atlantic sector (up to ~30 min) but were very short (a few seconds) in polluted, air masses from the local city and petroleum-related industrial complex of Huelva. Air from the continental sector was an intermediate case. The high reactivity to NO<sub>3</sub> of the urban air mass was not accounted for by gas-phase and heterogeneous reactions, rates of which were constrained by measurements of NO, volatile organic species and aerosol surface area. In general, high NO<sub>2</sub> mixing ratios were associated with low NO<sub>3</sub> lifetimes, though heterogeneous processes (e.g. reaction of N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> on aerosol) were generally less important than direct gas-phase losses of NO<sub>3</sub>. The presence of SO<sub>2</sub> at levels above ~2 ppb in the urban air sector was always associated with very low N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> mixing ratios indicating either very short NO<sub>3</sub> lifetimes in the presence of combustion-related emissions or an important role for reduced sulphur species in urban, nighttime chemistry. High production rates coupled with low lifetimes of NO<sub>3</sub> imply an important contribution of nighttime chemistry to removal of both NO<sub>x</sub> and VOC.

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