ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-10407-2011 Time-resolved measurements of black carbon light absorption enhancement in urban and near-urban locations of southern Ontario, Canada Chan T. W. 1 Brook J. R. 2 Smallwood G. J. 3 Lu G. 2 ASTB/STB Environment Canada, 335 River Road South, Ottawa, Ontario, K1V 0H3, Canada ASTB/STB Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada 20 10 2011 11 20 10407 10432 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10407/2011/acp-11-10407-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10407/2011/acp-11-10407-2011.pdf

In this study a photoacoustic spectrometer (PA), a laser-induced incandescence instrument system (LII) and an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer were operated in parallel for in-situ measurements of black carbon (BC) light absorption enhancement. Results of a thermodenuder experiment using ambient particles in Toronto are presented first to show that LII measurements of BC are not influenced by the presence of non-refractory material thus providing true atmospheric BC mass concentrations. In contrast, the PA response is enhanced when the non-refractory material is internally mixed with the BC particles. Through concurrent measurements using the LII and PA the specific absorption cross-section (SAC) can be quantified with high time resolution (1 min). Comparisons of ambient PA and LII measurements from four different locations (suburban Toronto; a street canyon with diesel bus traffic in Ottawa; adjacent to a commuter highway in Ottawa and; regional background air in and around Windsor, Ontario), show that different impacts from emission sources and/or atmospheric processes result in different particle light absorption enhancements and hence variations in the SAC. The diversity of measurements obtained, including those with the thermodenuder, demonstrated that it is possible to identify measurements where the presence of externally-mixed non-refractory particles obscures direct observation of the effect of coating material on the SAC, thus allowing this effect to be measured with more confidence. Depending upon the time and location of measurement (urban, rural, close to and within a lake breeze frontal zone), 30 min average SAC varies between 9 &plusmn; 2 and 43 &plusmn; 4 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>. Causes of this variation, which were determined through the use of meteorological and gaseous measurements (CO, SO<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>), include the particle emission source, airmass source region, the degree of atmospheric processing. Observations from this study also show that the active surface area of the BC aggregate, which is measured by the LII as the PPS, is an important parameter for inferring the degree of particle collapse of a BC particle. In addition, PPS could be a useful measurement for indicating the importance of recently emitted BC (e.g. from gasoline or diesel engines) relative to the total measured BC in the atmosphere.

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