ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-10097-2011 Source identification and airborne chemical characterisation of aerosol pollution from long-range transport over Greenland during POLARCAT summer campaign 2008 Schmale J. 1 Schneider J. 1 Ancellet G. 2 Quennehen B. 3 Stohl A. 4 Sodemann H. 4 5 Burkhart J. F. 4 6 Hamburger T. 7 Arnold S. R. 8 Schwarzenboeck A. 3 Borrmann S. 1 9 Law K. S. 2 Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Versailles St-Quentin, CNRS/INSU, LATMOS-IPSL, Paris, France Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Université Blaise Pascal, Aubière, France Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway ETH Zürich, Institut für Atmosphäre und Klima, Zürich, Switzerland School of Engineering, University of California, Merced (UCM), Merced, CA, USA Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany 06 10 2011 11 19 10097 10123 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10097/2011/acp-11-10097-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10097/2011/acp-11-10097-2011.pdf

We deployed an aerosol mass spectrometer during the POLARCAT (Polar Study using Aircraft, Remote Sensing, Surface Measurements and Models, of Climate, Chemistry, Aerosols, and Transport) summer campaign in Greenland in June/July 2008 on the research aircraft ATR-42. Online size resolved chemical composition data of submicron aerosol were collected up to 7.6 km altitude in the region 60 to 71° N and 40 to 60° W. Biomass burning (BB) and fossil fuel combustion (FF) plumes originating from North America, Asia, Siberia and Europe were sampled. Transport pathways of detected plumes included advection below 700 hPa, air mass uplifting in warm conveyor belts, and high altitude transport in the upper troposphere. By means of the Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART, trace gas analysis of O<sub>3</sub> and CO, particle size distributions and aerosol chemical composition 48 pollution events were identified and classified into five chemically distinct categories. Aerosol from North American BB consisted of 22% particulate sulphate, while with increasing anthropogenic and Asian influence aerosol in Asian FF dominated plumes was composed of up to 37% sulphate category mean value. Overall, it was found that the organic matter fraction was larger (85%) in pollution plumes than for background conditions (71%). Despite different source regions and emission types the particle oxygen to carbon ratio of all plume classes was around 1 indicating low-volatility highly oxygenated aerosol. The volume size distribution of out-of-plume aerosol showed markedly smaller modes than all other distributions with two Aitken mode diameters of 24 and 43 nm and a geometric standard deviation &sigma;<sub>g</sub> of 1.12 and 1.22, respectively, while another very broad mode was found at 490 nm (&sigma;<sub>g</sub> = 2.35). Nearly pure BB particles from North America exhibited an Aitken mode at 66 nm (&sigma;<sub>g</sub> = 1.46) and an accumulation mode diameter of 392 nm (&sigma;<sub>g</sub> = 1.76). An aerosol lifetime, including all processes from emission to detection, in the range between 7 and 11 days was derived for North American emissions.

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