<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACP</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACP</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7324</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acp-10-909-2010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Metal concentrations in the upper atmosphere during meteor showers</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Correira</surname>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Aikin</surname>
<given-names>A. C.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Grebowsky</surname>
<given-names>J. M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Burrows</surname>
<given-names>J. P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>The Catholic University of America, Institute for Astrophysics and Computational Sciences Department of Physics, Washington, DC 20064, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 695, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>now at: Computational Physics, Inc., Springfield, VA 22151, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>01</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>909</fpage>
<lpage>917</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/909/2010/acp-10-909-2010.html">This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/909/2010/acp-10-909-2010.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/909/2010/acp-10-909-2010.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/909/2010/acp-10-909-2010.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Using the nadir-viewing Global Ozone Measuring Experiment (GOME) UV/VIS spectrometer on the
ERS-2 satellite, we investigate short term variations in the vertical magnesium column densities
in the atmosphere and any
connection to possible enhanced mass deposition during a meteor shower. Time-dependent
mass influx rates are derived for all the major meteor showers using published estimates of mass
density and temporal profiles
of meteor showers. An average daily sporadic background mass flux rate is also calculated and used
as a baseline against
which calculated shower mass flux rates are compared. These theoretical mass flux rates are then
compared with GOME derived metal vertical  column densities of Mg and Mg&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; from the years
1996–2001. There is no correlation between theoretical mass flux rates and changes in the Mg and Mg&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
metal column densities. A possible explanation for the lack of a shower related increase in metal
concentrations may be differences in the mass regimes dominating the average background mass flux
and shower mass flux.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="9"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Aikin, A C., Grebowsky, J M., Burrows, J P., Correira, J., and Pesnell, W D.: Temporal evolution of the vertical content of metallic ion and neutral species, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phs., 67, 1238–1244, \doi10.1016/j.jastp.2005.06.012, 2005. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Campbell-Brown, M D. and Jones, J.: Annual variation of sporadic radar meteor rates, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 367, 709–716, \doi10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09974.x, 2006. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Ceplecha, Z., Borovi\v cka, J., Elford, W G., Revelle, D O., Hawkes, R L., Porub\v can, V., and \v Simek, M.: Meteor Phenomena and Bodies, Space Sci. Rev., 84, 327–471, \doi10.1023/A:1005069928850, 1998. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Chandrasekhar, S.: Radiative Transfer, Dover Publications, New York, 1960. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Correira, J., Aikin, A C., Grebowsky, J M., Pesnell, W D., and Burrows, J P.: Seasonal variations of magnesium atoms in the mesosphere-thermosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, 6103, \doi10.1029/2007GL033047, 2008. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Grün, E., Gustafson, B A S., Dermott, S., and Fechtig, H.: Interplanetary Dust, edited by: Grün, E., Gustafson, B. A. S., Dermott, S., and Fechtig, H.,~Astronomy and Astrophysics Library,~2001, ISBN~3-540-42067-3 Berlin, Springer, 804~p., 2001. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Hawkes, L R.: Television meteors (Invited), in: Meteoroids and their Parent Bodies, edited by: Stohl, J. and Williams, I P., 227, 1993. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Hawkes, R L. and Jones, J.: Electro-optical meteor observation techniques and results, Q. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 27, 569–589, 1986. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Hughes, D.: Meteors and cosmic dust, Endeavour, 21, 31–35, 1997. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Hughes, D W. and McBride, N.: The mass of meteoroid streams, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 240, 73–79, 1989. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Jenniskens, P.: Meteor stream activity, I The annual streams, Astron. Astrophys., 287, 990–1013, 1994. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> McNeil, W J., Dressler, R A., and Murad, E.: Impact of a major meteor storm on Earth&apos;s ionosphere: A modeling study, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 10447–10466, \doi10.1029/2000JA000381, 2001. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Molau, S. and Gural, P S.: A review of video meteor detection and analysis software, WGN Journal of the International Meteor Organization, 33, 15–20, 2005. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref14">
<label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Paxton, L J. and Anderson, D E.: Far ultraviolet remote sensing of Venus and Mars, in: Venus and Mars: atmospheres, ionospheres, and solar wind interactions, 113–189~pp., 1992. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref15">
<label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Pesnell, W D. and Grebowsky, J.: Meteoric magnesium ions in the Martian atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1695–1708, \doi10.1029/1999JE001115, 2000. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref16">
<label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Peterson, G.: Dynamics of Meteor Outbursts and Satellite Mitigation Strategies, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1999. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref17">
<label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Plane, J. M. C.: A time-resolved model of the mesospheric Na~layer: constraints on the meteor input function, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 627–638, 2004. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref18">
<label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Rozanov, A., Rozanov, V., Buchwitz, M., Kokhanovsky, A., and Burrows, J P.: SCIATRAN~2.0 – A new radiative transfer model for geophysical applications in the 175 2400 nm spectral region, Adv. Space Res., 36, 1015–1019, \doi10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.012, 2005. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref19">
<label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Williams, I P.: The Dynamics of Meteoroid streams, Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astr., 81, 103–113, 2001. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref20">
<label>20</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Zhou, Q H., Mathews, J D., and Zhou, Q N.: Incoherent scatter radar study of the impact of the meteoric influx on nocturnal E-region ionization, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1833–1836, \doi10.1029/1999GL900369, 1999. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>