ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-10-6645-2010 Modeling the regional impact of ship emissions on NO<sub>x</sub> and ozone levels over the Eastern Atlantic and Western Europe using ship plume parameterization Huszar P. 1 Cariolle D. 2 3 Paoli R. 3 Halenka T. 1 4 Belda M. 1 Schlager H. 5 Miksovsky J. 1 Pisoft P. 1 Department of Meteorology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague 8, 180 00, Czech Republic Centre Europeén de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique, CERFACS/CNRS, Toulouse, France Météo-France, Toulouse, France Regular associate of the Abdus Salam ICTP, Trieste, Italy German Aerospace Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling, Germany 21 07 2010 10 14 6645 6660 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/6645/2010/acp-10-6645-2010.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/6645/2010/acp-10-6645-2010.pdf

In general, regional and global chemistry transport models apply instantaneous mixing of emissions into the model's finest resolved scale. In case of a concentrated source, this could result in erroneous calculation of the evolution of both primary and secondary chemical species. Several studies discussed this issue in connection with emissions from ships and aircraft. In this study, we present an approach to deal with the non-linear effects during dispersion of NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from ships. It represents an adaptation of the original approach developed for aircraft NO<sub>x</sub> emissions, which uses an exhaust tracer to trace the amount of the emitted species in the plume and applies an effective reaction rate for the ozone production/destruction during the plume's dilution into the background air. In accordance with previous studies examining the impact of international shipping on the composition of the troposphere, we found that the contribution of ship induced surface NO<sub>x</sub> to the total reaches 90% over remote ocean and makes 10–30% near coastal regions. Due to ship emissions, surface ozone increases by up to 4–6 ppbv making 10% contribution to the surface ozone budget. When applying the ship plume parameterization, we show that the large scale NO<sub>x</sub> decreases and the ship NO<sub>x</sub> contribution is reduced by up to 20–25%. A similar decrease was found in the case of O<sub>3</sub>. The plume parameterization suppressed the ship induced ozone production by 15–30% over large areas of the studied region. To evaluate the presented parameterization, nitrogen monoxide measurements over the English Channel were compared with modeled values and it was found that after activating the parameterization the model accuracy increases.

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