<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACP</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACP</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7324</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus GmbH</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acp-10-327-2010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Technical Note: Ensuring consistent, global measurements of very short-lived halocarbon gases in the ocean and atmosphere</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Butler</surname>
<given-names>J. H.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bell</surname>
<given-names>T. G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hall</surname>
<given-names>B. D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Quack</surname>
<given-names>B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Carpenter</surname>
<given-names>L. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Williams</surname>
<given-names>J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Global Monitoring Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry (LGMAC), School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Marine Biogeochemie-Chemische Ozeanographie, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Kiel, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>327</fpage>
<lpage>330</lpage>
<permissions>
<license xlink:type="simple">
<license-p>This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/327/2010/acp-10-327-2010.html">This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/327/2010/acp-10-327-2010.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/327/2010/acp-10-327-2010.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/327/2010/acp-10-327-2010.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Very short-lived halocarbons are significant sources of reactive halogen in
the marine boundary layer, and likely in the upper troposphere and lower
stratosphere. Quantifying ambient concentrations in the surface ocean and
atmosphere is essential for understanding the atmospheric impact of these
trace gas fluxes. Despite the body of literature increasing substantially
over recent years, calibration issues complicate the comparison of results
and limit the utility of building larger-scale databases that would enable
further development of the science (e.g. sea-air flux quantification, model
validation, etc.). With this in mind, thirty-one scientists from both
atmospheric and oceanic halocarbon communities in eight nations gathered in
London in February 2008 to discuss the scientific issues and plan an
international effort toward developing common calibration scales (&lt;a href=&quot;http://tinyurl.com/c9cg58&quot;target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;http://tinyurl.com/c9cg58&lt;/a&gt;).
Here, we discuss the outputs from this
meeting, suggest the compounds that should be targeted initially, identify
opportunities for beginning calibration and comparison efforts, and make
recommendations for ways to improve the comparability of previous and future
measurements.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="4"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Bloss, W. J., Lee, J. D., Johnson, G. P., Sommariva, R., Heard, D. E., Saiz-Lopez, A., Plane, J. M. C., McFiggans, G., Coe, H., Flynn, M., Williams, P., Rickard, A. R., and Fleming, Z. L.: Impact of halogen monoxide chemistry upon boundary layer OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations at a coastal site, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L06814, doi:10.1029/2004GL022084, 2005. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Butler, J. H., King, D. B., Lobert, J. M., Montzka, S. A., Yvon-Lewis, S. A., Hall, B. D., Warwick, N. J., Mondeel, D. J., Aydin, M., and Elkins, J. W.: Oceanic distributions and emissions of short-lived halocarbons, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 21, GB1023, doi:10.1029/2006GB002732, 2007. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Carpenter, L. J., Jones, C. E., Dunk, R. M., Hornsby, K. E., and Woeltjen, J.: Air-sea fluxes of biogenic bromine from the tropical and North Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1805–1816, 2009. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Dorf, M.: Investigation of inorganic stratospheric bromine using balloon-borne DOAS measurements and model simulations, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, available online at: http://tinyurl.com/dy6p89, 2005. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Ko, M. K. W. and Poulet, G. (lead authors): Very short-lived halogen and sulphur substances. Chapter 2 in: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2002. Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project – Report No. 47, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Kurylo, M. J. and Rodriguez, J. M. (lead authors): Short-lived ozone-related compounds. Chapter 2 in: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998. Global Ozone Monitoring Project – Report No. 44, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1999. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Kritz, M. A., Rosner, S. W., Kelly, K. K., Loewenstein, M., and Chan, K. R.: Radon measurements in the lower tropical stratosphere: Evidence for rapid vertical transport and dehydration of tropospheric air, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 98, 8725–8736, 1993. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Law, K. S. and Sturges, W. T. (lead authors): Halogenated very short-lived substances, Chapter 2 in: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006, Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project – Report No. 50, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 572 pp., 2007. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Olsen, S. C., Hannegan, B. J., Zhu, X., and Prather, M. J.: Evaluating ozone depletion from very short-lived halocarbons, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(10), 1475–1478, 2000. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Pszenny, A. A. P., Moldanov, J., Keene, W. C., Sander, R., Maben, J. R., Martinez, M., Crutzen, P. J., Perner, D., and Prinn, R. G.: Halogen cycling and aerosol pH in the Hawaiian marine boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 147–168, 2004. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Quack, B., Atlas, E., Petrick, G., Stroud, V., Schauffler, S., and Wallace, D. W. R.: Oceanic bromoform sources for the tropical atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L23S05, doi:10.1029/2004GL020597, 2004. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Quack, B., Atlas, E., Petrick, G., and Wallace, D. W. R.: Bromoform and dibromomethane above the Mauritanian upwelling: Atmospheric distributions and oceanic emissions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D09312, doi:10.1029/2006JD007614, 2007. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Read, K. A., Mahajan, A. S., Carpenter, L. J., Evans, M. J., Faria, B. V. E., Heard, D. E., Hopkins, J. R., Lee, J. D., Moller, S. J., Lewis, A. C., Mendes, L., McQuaid, J. B., Oetjen, H., Saiz-Lopez, A., Pilling, M. J., and Plane, J. M. C.: Extensive halogen-mediated ozone destruction over the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 453, 1232–1235, 2008. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref14">
<label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Richter, U.: Factors influencing methyl iodide production in the ocean and its flux to the atmosphere, Ph.D. thesis, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 2003. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref15">
<label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Sander, R., Rudich, Y., von Glasow, R., and Crutzen, P. J.: The role of BrNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in marine tropospheric chemistry: A model study, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2857–2860, 1999. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref16">
<label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Sommariva, R., Bloss, W. J., Brough, N., Carslaw, N., Flynn, M., Haggerstone, A. L., Heard, D. E., Hopkins, J. R., Lee, J. D., Lewis, A. C., McFiggans, G., Monks, P. S., Penkett, S. A., Pilling, M. J., Plane, J. M. C., Read, K. A., Saiz-Lopez, A., Rickard, A. R., and Williams, P. I.: OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; chemistry during NAMBLEX: roles of oxygenates, halogen oxides and heterogeneous uptake, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1135–1153, 2006. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref17">
<label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Stutz, J., Hebestreit, K., Alicke, B., and Platt, U.: Chemistry of halogen oxides in the troposphere: Comparison of model calculations with recent field data, J. Atmos. Chem., 34, 65–85, 1999. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref18">
<label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> Vogt, R., Crutzen, P. J., and Sander, R.: A mechanism for halogen release from sea-salt aerosol in the remote marine boundary layer, Nature, 383, 327–330, 1996. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref19">
<label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple"> von Glasow, R., von Kuhlmann, R., Lawrence, M. G., Platt, U., and Crutzen, P. J.: Impact of reactive bromine chemistry in the troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2481–2497, 2004. </mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>