ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP 1680-7324 Copernicus GmbH Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-10-1809-2010 Tracing the fate of atmospheric nitrate deposited onto a forest ecosystem in Eastern Asia using &Delta;<sup>17</sup>O Tsunogai U. 1 Komatsu D. D. 1 Daita S. 1 Kazemi G. A. 1 4 Nakagawa F. 1 Noguchi I. 2 Zhang J. 3 Earth and Planetary System Science, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido Institute of Environmental Sciences, Sapporo, Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan now at: Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran 16 02 2010 10 4 1809 1820 This is an open-access article ditributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is available from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/1809/2010/acp-10-1809-2010.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/1809/2010/acp-10-1809-2010.pdf

The stable isotopic compositions of nitrate in precipitation (wet deposition) and groundwater (spring, lake, and stream water) were determined for the island of Rishiri, Japan, so as to use the <sup>17</sup>O anomalies (Δ<sup>17</sup>O) to trace the fate of atmospheric nitrate that had deposited onto the island ecosystem, which is a representative background forest ecosystem for eastern Asia. The deposited nitrate had large <sup>17</sup>O anomalies with Δ<sup>17</sup>O values ranging from +20.8&permil; to +34.5&permil; (<i>n</i> = 32) with +26.2&permil; being the annual average. The maximum Δ<sup>17</sup>O value of +34.5&permil;, obtained for precipitation on the 23rd to 24th of February 2007, was an extraordinarily large value among values for all samples of precipitation in Rishiri. Most nitrate in the sample might have been produced via NO<sub>3</sub> radical in a highly polluted air mass that had been supplied from megacities on the eastern coast of the Asian continent. On the other hand, nitrate in groundwater had small Δ<sup>17</sup>O values ranging from +0.9&permil; to 3.2&permil; (<i>n</i> = 19), which corresponds to an mixing ratio of atmospheric nitrate to total nitrate of (7.4&plusmn;2.6)%. Comparing the inflow and outflow of atmospheric nitrate in groundwater within the island, we estimated that the direct drainage accounts for (8.8&plusmn;4.6)% of atmospheric nitrate that has deposited on the island and that the residual portion has undergone biological processing before being exported from the forest ecosystem.

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